Wisdom for the Workplace, Part 1-4, Complete Edition

Wisdom for the Workplace, Part 1-4, Complete Edition

By John MacArthur

Spirit-Filled Labor Relations

Ephesians chapter 6 is our passage for this morning, and we're looking at verses 5 to 9 and we're really going to cover what could be a long series just in a message. I was kind of ambivalent this morning in the early service, as to how far to go and you know, when you're taking off in an airplane there's a point called the Point of No Return, and once you get there, you've got to go no matter what happens, and I hit that point this morning, so I went. And that's why you stood outside for an extra few minutes. But we're trying to cover a lot of ground in a brief time on the subject of "Spirit Filled Labor Relations."

Let's 1ook at verse 5: "Servants be obedient to them that are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in singleness of heart, as unto Christ; Not with eye service, as men pleasers; but as the servants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart; With a ready mind, doing service as to the Lord and not to men: Knowing that whatever good thing any man doeth the same shall he receive of the Lord whether he be bond or free. And ye masters, do the same things unto them, forbearing threatening, knowing that your Master also is in heaven: neither is there respect of persons with Him."

Now here we have a word from the Apostle Paul about how employer/employee relationships are to function. This is a needful subject today. I think it's obvious to everybody in our society that the struggle in the employment world has reached a monumental level. Strikes and walk-outs and threats and management fights and so forth, literally fill the news­papers. The conflict rages on constantly and all people who are in the employ or who are the employment source are finding themselves fraught with multiple problems as we endeavor to unscramble all of the issues.

Basically, the problem in employment can always be reduced to one single sin and that is the sin of greed. Everybody wants more of everything for himself. The employee wants less work, fewer hours, more vacation, and higher pay. And the employer wants more labor from the employees, more freedom for himself, bigger chunk of profit, and on and on it goes. And at the bottom of the whole thing is greed. And that's the way it goes. The consumer is out there screaming for lower prices, and screaming for less taxation and at the same time screaming for more money.

Now it is an impossibility to have lower prices, less taxation and higher wages. It defies the simplest principle of logic. For example, a man say who works in the auto industry, he decides that he wants more money, so there's a strike. They strike for more money, the corporation is caught. The corporation has to renegotiate and pay them more money.

Where is the corporation going to get that money? Two places. One, it immediately raises the prices of automobiles. Secondly, it makes a big loan from the government. Well, the government doesn't have any money so the government just prints some, And when the government prints money without any source behind it, it inflates the money that already exists so you have more money worth less.

So now when the employee wants higher wages, what happens is the product becomes higher, and by the way, the auto industry is interrelated with almost every single product that's in existence because it's all carried by transportation, so that everything goes up in price. His wages go up but so does the government's inflationary spiral and the end result is you wind up in the same situation. Except for one additional thing, in order for the government to pay back its debt it raises taxes.

So that all you have is a constantly ascending spiral based upon the fact that everybody wants more of everything. It can't happen. You cannot have everybody demanding more without having everybody losing out. And the greed goes on.

And that's what we're seeing in our country today. And by the way, I think the reason we see it so much more dramatically here is it is just a basic characteristic of human nature that the more possible materialism available the greater the greed. In other words, in a society where life is very simple and there isn't that much, the greed will only reach that level. But where you proliferate the potential attractions to greed, you proliferate the greed itself. So we might say that the greediest people who have ever been around would be the 1979 edition of Americans and maybe a few other select places in the world.

What is the solution to this? How do you resolve this? Because what happens on the job is you've got the employee wanting more money, you've got the management wanting more money, and bigger profits, and so forth, you've got all this conflict going on. You've got the employee who feels he's being abused he's not getting a fair wage, or he's working too hard, you've got management feeling the employee's not doing what he ought to do, and the profits aren't good. And what do we do? How can we get an answer and a solution to this? A major problem in our world that continues to plague us.

Now some people say absolute government controls is the answer. And what we need to do is to just abolish the free enterprise system and have some form of socialism or communism or... or an elitist kind of group that run what amounts to a welfare state.

Well, increasing government control would be a solution, and it may be that that's where we're going toward. In fact, it seems to me that that might be the logical thing because that will build the potentiality for antichrist to just take over the whole world. And if I read my Bible right, in the 18th chapter of Revelation, one of the things antichrist does is ride on top of a world-wide economic system. It may well be that what's happening in the world today is the development of such a system with a greater and greater potential greed, there must be greater and greater restrictions on that greed, government takes more and more power, beginning to set the stage for one who can come and sit on top of the whole pile and dictate policy for the world. It's fast coming.

But I'm really convinced that God didn't design our freedom to be that way. I don't think he designed man's freedom and man's autonomy to work against man. But He designed it in order for us to...to earn our money to provide for our families to gain those things which our potential allowed us to gain, and to cooperate with each other for the good of all mankind. Unfortunately that just doesn't happen. Why? Because man is depraved and man is sinful and I suppose the single most obvious manifestation of depravity is selfishness.

Now this brings the Christian into the picture in a very strategic way. I believe that as the only hope in the world for marriage is going to be found in Christ and the power of the Holy Spirit. And the only hope in the world for the family is going to be found in Christ and the Holy Spirit. I think the only hope for the labor situation is to be found in Christ and the Holy Spirit. I think that's what this is saying right here. That God has a divine design. You know, if you study the Bible you can study all the way from Genesis to Revelation and you can study biblical economics. You can study the whole process of employment, of wages; it's all through the Scripture. But God, as He has done in other parts of the 5th and 6th chapter of Ephesians has boiled it back to some very basic principles. There are very basic things that are related to this issue. And they are built upon the same two pillars that all of God's systems for man are built on; authority and submission.

You have it in government. Somebody leads and somebody follows. In marriage, somebody leads and somebody follows. In the family, somebody leads and somebody follows. And in the business world or the economic world, somebody has to be in charge and somebody has to carry out the orders. This is the way it is. And the authority/submission principle as designed by God is evident in verses 4 ... or rather verses 5 through 9. You have the masters in verse 9, the employers. You have the servants in verse 5 through 8, the employees. And this is God's design for how it is to work.

But as we have said before, this is all a response to chapter 5 verse 21. Which says, "Submitting yourselves one to another in the fear of God," so that there is a mutual submission just as in marriage and the family. Yes there are employers and employees, but both learn to submit to each other. Both have a point at which they submit. Both must be conscious of the needs of others. So that none is given the right to oppress. None is given the right to lord it over in an abusive way. There is a beautiful mutual submission within the leadership and the follower that brings about the good of both.

Now just the text itself is dealing with a domestic situation. All of chapter 5:22 through 6:9 pictures a family. Where the parents are there, the children are there, the husband, the wife. And here the servants, in the employ of the family. And it is a domestic scene that is in view.

In fact in I Peter in a parallel passage, where there's a discussion of the same truths, Peter uses the word oiketes for servant, which means a household servant. And that, I think, is the intention here, though a different word doulos is used, it is in view particularly in a home.

But I believe we want to see the principle extend itself from a household servant to any person in an employment capacity. So what we have here, then, is God's divine standard for employer and employee relations.

Now keep in mind that Paul is dealing with the practical effect of a spirit filled life. Apart from Christ this can't happen. But with Christ, and as we are filled with the Spirit, we not only are to have model marriages, and model families, but model employment relationships. If you're an employee there is a standard for your employment, just like your home and your marriage. If you're an employer there is a standard for your employing practices just like your family and your marriage.

So this is God's divine standard. Now if you'll notice in verse 5, you'll notice the word servants. It could be translated slaves because it is the word “doulos.” And “doulos” is a word translated slave, bond slave or servant. Now we need to mention, also, the word masters in verse 9 is the word lords. And when you see the term lord and slave, or lord and servant, you immediately think of a slavery system. And people have asked the question - Why would the Apostle Paul regulate slavery? Why wouldn't he just abolish it? Well, that's because we don't have a comprehension of the terms as they're used biblically. They are simply a reference to the employee and the employer in this text. The one who leads and the one who follows. The one who gives the orders, the one who obeys them.

And by the way, such concepts are very germane to the whole teaching of the Bible. If we didn't understand an employer and an employee concept, if we didn't understand a master and a slave, we would never understand our relationship to Jesus Christ. Or we would never understand His relationship to the Father in His incarnation either, right? So there is validity in the divine concept of a master and a servant, of a leader and a follower. That's ... that's all right, God has ordained some to be leaders, some to be heads and some to be those that respond and obey, that's part of God's design. We see it in marriage, we see it in the family, we see it in the employment world. So we shouldn't be concerned about it. We see it in government as well as the home.

The point is this, at that day and in that time employees were servants. And employers were masters. Most economic issues result ... revolved around the home. Whether it was an agrarian agricultural situation where a householder had servants and stewards who did ... who worked in his fields and took care of his crops and his animals. Or whether it was a business of manufacturing or making something and the servants would work around the home in that capacity. The home was pretty much the center of the employment situation. There were those people who then had a shop in the marketplace which would be operated by another employee, but the home was pretty much the center.

And since most marketplaces were fluctuating, in other words, on market day the market went to the market. And then it went back home and still some places in the world, that's done. Rather than having permanent shopping centers as we do today, the home was the center. So he's regulating employment in line with what it was in that day.

The Bible does not defend an oppressive slavery system, but employing people is a normal procedure in human life. And so that is not spoken against.

Now slavery was wide spread in biblical times, and in many cases it was bad. There's no question about that. Now the Bible speaks against that. But where it was good, where a servant was serving a just and fair and equitable master and giving a fair service to that master for a fair wage and properly cared for, it was no different than employment. So that in some cases slavery would be just like employment today.

On the other hand, there are some cases of employment today that would be more like slavery then. Where there is oppression, where there is inequity, where there is injustice, where there is an unfair treatment. Where there are people who are literally intimidated to doing things they didn't want to do. Where they are in hock to the corporation through blackmail or whatever else so they could never get out of their job without being blackballed all over the place.

In other words, the very terms today - employee/employer don't tell us anything about the relationship. And the terms master and slave or servant don't tell us anything about the relationship in the past either. We've got to see the character of the individual relationship to know whether it was right or wrong. When we think of slavery in the sense of stealing people and shipping them across the ocean or in the case of the blacks or as the case may be in our own country of little tiny white children being used as child labor forces, when we see that kind of slavery we all are against that. And the Bible speaks against that.

In fact, the Bible says that if anybody ever stole a man or a woman to make them a slave he would pay with his life. So whatever was done in capturing slaves in Africa and other parts of the world, if you were living in the time of Israel and the Old Testament had done that, you would have paid with your life and in I Timothy chapter 1 verses 9 and 10 it says that the ungodly of the world are characterized as kidnappers, or man stealers. So that kind of slavery is spoken against in Old and New Testament texts.

But just the terms themselves don't need to give us trouble because they can only be defined by the individual relationships themselves.

Now among the Greeks slavery was oppressive. No question about it. Among the Greeks it was oppressive. That's why Paul regulates it here. In fact, we know on the island of Delas in one day as many as ten thousand human beings were sold into slavery. And this occurred several times.

And among the Romans it was even worse. In fact almost the whole Roman Empire was functioning on the basis of slave power. There was a fatal flaw in Roman thinking and that was it was beneath the dignity of a Roman citizen to work. So all a Roman citizen wanted to do was sit around in their orgies and watch their games and they got slaves to do it. And there were literally millions of slaves in the Roman Empire. And they were thought of simply as instruments of work, like a hoe or a beast of burden, nothing different than that. They had no rights, no protection, were treated with no kindness and so forth. And there was an oppressive element to it.

Now in the Old Testament, did you know that the Lord advocated a certain kind of slavery? Yes He did. Because in and of itself, you see, the terms used don't really define the relationship. For example, in Exodus chapter 22, just to show you an illustration, people in that day would serve someone as their servant or their slave. The term didn't carry any connotation about whether it was good or bad kind of a situation. The term was just a definition of the fact that they served another person. They were an employee. That's all.

And here we find that some of those things are even advocated. "If a man steals an ox or a sheep or kills it or sells it, he shall restore 5 oxen for an ox, and 4 sheep for a sheep. If a thief be found breaking in and be smitten that he die there shall be no blood shed for him." In other words, if you're trying to steal something and you die in the act, there's no price to pay, you shouldn't have been doing it, you're guilt. Now verse 3, "If the sun be risen on him there shall be blood shed for him. For he should make full restitution. If he have nothing then he shall be sold for his theft." Now there's the point. If a thief steals something and he can't make restitution, then he has to work back that restitution.

In other words, he simply moves into the employ of the person he has taken from and he renders due service until such time his restitution is paid. So you can see under some terms the Bible even advocates a kind of slavery or service but the serv ... but the term slavery doesn't mean that it's oppressive evil kind of brow-beating chaining and whipping kind of relationship. No. It's simply servitude for a purpose. Servitude in the employ of another person. Sometimes voluntarily, sometimes to pay back restitution or whatever.

In Leviticus chapter 25 we find several statements but in Leviticus 25 verse 44, "Both thy male and female slaves whom thou shalt have shall be of the nations that are round about you." In other words, you have a right to hire people in the nations around you to work. You can buy male and female slaves from them. And the buying idea was the idea that you literally, somebody had some people in their employment, you literally wanted them, and so you purchased them. Or in the case that a person made himself available you... you literally paid that person for his service sometimes, of course in all cases you would pay the person, but sometimes you had to hire him away from someone else, there might be a price to pay. It's exactly what we have in baseball, basketball, football or whatever else today if one team wants the services of another person, they will take the contract to pay the person they want but they'll also pay something to the team that gives him up. So it's not unlike that kind of a thing. If a person had a good servant and was willing to make that servant available to you, you might have to pay a little to get him. It works in the business world today.

You're working for a company for 25 thousand dollars as a Junior Executive; another company really wants you bad. In order to get you they're going to have to pay you 30 thousand dollars and maybe just shove a little bit of money under the table to the people you used to work with to let them...to make them let go if they catch you in a ... well, if they find that company in needy problem or a needy situation, they may be able to buy away an executive. Those kinds of things happen.

They don’t necessarily mean slavery as we think of buying someone, putting them in chains and whipping them all the time. And the slaves could be bought. It goes on to say that they could even use their own people in Israel as employees, the end of verse 46: "But do not rule one over the other with rigor." Now that's repeated twice in the Bible, at least that I know of. Don't rule over one another in some kind of wild or violent or oppressive or intense way. This is an employment situation; you have the right to ask them to do things but not to be oppressive.

Exodus 21, as I told you earlier, said whoever steals a man and sells him or is found in possession of him shall be put to death. So yes, in the Old Testament there were servants and masters. Yes. But God...God didn't say it was wrong to do that, somebody's got to run things and somebody's got to work. He just regulated it. You see? So that it wouldn't be oppressive in any way.

And the New Testament does the same thing. For example, if you ever hit your servant and hurt his eye, he was free. If you ever hit your servant and injured him in any way, he could go free. If you laid a hand of cruelty, Exodus 21:26 and 27 says, if you laid a hand of cruelty on your servant and affected him in any way, he was free from you. That's right.

In Deuteronomy chapter 23 verse 15, just going a little bit further in our thinking, it says this: "Thou shalt not deliver unto his master the servant who has escaped from his master unto thee." In other words, if a master's been oppressive to a servant and he escapes, don't take him back to that master. God doesn't have some kind of a system where if a guy's beating you up you just stay there and take it. Let him go. And if he comes to you, and dwells with you, and in that place chooses to be in your gates where it pleases him best, let him stay and don't you oppress him. In other words, God is regulating things.

In Leviticus 25 he talks about the fact that it's not to be oppressive servants. In the seventh year, every seventh year in Israel, all the slaves were set free. And they could go anywhere they want; they could work with any...for anybody they want. And if they wanted to they could stay with their original master. In fact, they might just say - I don't want to go free, I want to stay. And very often they'd lean them up against a doorpost, take their ear lobes, stick it against the doorpost and punch a hole in it with an awl. And if a slave had a hole in his ear with...where...that an awl had made he was saying, "I by my own choice out of love' choose to serve my master for the rest of my life." That's what it means in Hebrews when it says about our Lord Jesus Christ, "Mine ear hath He digged." It simply means that the Lord served God the Father out of love not out of slavery.

So in the Old Testament time and in the New Testament time you have employment situations, under the terms of masters and slaves or masters and servants. But that does not have anything to do with the fact that they were oppressive. God tries to regulate against that, constantly. In fact anytime you ever sent a servant away, according to Deuteronomy 15, he had to be fully supplied. And if he was done serving you, you had to give him literally, severance pay, to fill in the gap until he could next be employed. They were to be that cared for.

And so those kind of ideals are upheld in the New Testament. Luke 7, the Centurion comes and he pleads with Jesus to heal the servant whom he loves. God has always wanted a right relationship in that area.

So I just want you to understand that because you see this term servant and master, you don't need to panic. God is not defending an evil slavery system. God does ... God speaks against kidnapping, against stealing people to be sold into slavery, but God realizes there will be employers and employees and those are just the terms that are used biblically. Whatever the terms are the relationship is what God is after. And now as we look at the text let's see what God's terms are for this relationship of employees and employers.

First, the submission of the servants in verses 5 to 8, the submission of the servants in verses 5 to 8. And here is the pattern for all employees, and we're going to go through pretty quickly.

This is for all ... from Paul's time till today. And some people have said - You know, well why didn't Paul wipe out the slavery system? Why didn't Jesus come in and sweep away the slavery system in Rome? You want to know the facts, just between you and me? They did. They did. The Roman Empire came to a screeching halt; the slavery system came to an end. And I really believe it was directly through the influence of Christianity that that happened.

But the point is this, people, their focus, the focus of Jesus and the focus on...of Paul was not on the system. Because the system is never the issue. You could have that system and if the right attitude was there, coming out of the hearts of the right people, it would work well. Remove slavery as a system and have the same rotten corrupt people, inventing another system, and all you're going to have is a different kind of oppression. Right? All you're going to have is a different set of problems.

And Jesus and Paul knew that if they focused politically and socially on those issues, that all they would do was change...would be change the political-social situation which doesn't ultimately do anything for anybody because man's problem is not political or social it's spiritual. Right?

But if you can change the heart of a man, then he's going to change everything. And if a man is a slave or a servant to a master: but the master loves the Lord Jesus Christ with all his heart and walks in the Spirit, nothing will be as wonderful as working for that man.

On the other hand, if you have a free enterprise system like we do, and we're working for an employer and have total autonomy, but that is a Christless, Godless, anti-biblical perverse man, slavery to a Christian would be better. Right? So it isn't the system. It's the ... it's the individuals. And so our Lord came to change the hearts and He knew that when men's hearts were changed, the system would be changed. And Spirit-filled people make right relationships, it doesn't matter what the system is.

I've seen situations in the armed services of our own country where there couldn't be any worse kind of slavery than there is right in there. Because the attitudes aren't right.

And so they came to change the hearts of men. You know, you look in our own country, people say - Oh, you know, what a great day it was when we had the abolition to the slaves. You know the great contribution to the abolition of the slaves was not the Civil War and Abraham Lincoln, the greatest contribution to the abolition of the slavery in America was the preaching of John Wesley and George Whitfield. Because that's what changed men's hearts. That's the key.

And in Paul's day it was the hearts that he was after. Oh, the system was oppressive, there's no doubt about that. It was a horrible system.

Varro divided what he called agricultural instruments into three classes, he said the mute instruments are vehicles, the inarticulate instruments are cattle and the articulate instruments are slaves.

And Cato said, "Old slaves should be thrown on a dump, and when a slave is ill don't feed him anything, it's not worth your money, take six slaves and throw them away because they're nothing but inefficient tools."

And so it went. And when a slave ran away he got branded with an F on his forehead for fugitivus and he was cursed the rest of his life,

Augustus had a slave who accidentally killed his pet quail, so he crucified him.

Vitruvius Pollio found a slave that had dropped a crystal goblet and threw him in with some lamprey eels in a pond that he kept and he was killed.

Juvenal tells about one master whose greatest delight was the sweet song of flogging his slaves.

So it was oppressive. And I believe that's why Paul writes, what he writes here, to the masters. He says - you'd better do the same th ngs unto them and you'd better not threaten them knowing that your Master is in heaven. And He doesn't respect persons.

And, of course, he's talking to Christian masters because those in the world wouldn't listen anyway. Right? And they not only wouldn't listen but they wouldn't have the resources to obey the call of the Holy Spirit,

But to the servants he has something to say, first of all also. Let's see what it is. "Servants," and here's the right behavior, that's where he starts; right behavior. "Be obedient - Be obedient to them that are your masters." Same word used to speak of children. We are to respond to their commands and their directions, A Spirit-filled Christian, chapter 5:18 is where this all begins, be filled with the Spirit, and if you're Spirit-filled, you will respond. And it's a continuous present in the Greek, keep on obeying, be an obedient employee. When you go to work, do what they tell you to do. Really important.

You might say - Ah, you don't know my employer. He's unjust and inequitable and all of this. Well, the Bible has something to say about that. You say - We have every right to protest, we have every right to walk out, we have every right to strike and so forth and so on because our boss is so-and-so. Well I Peter says what you need to hear, I Peter 2:10: "Servants," and here he uses the word for house­hold servants, "be subject to your masters with all fear, not only to the good and gentle but also to the perverse." You mean I'm supposed to be submissive to some perverse boss? "Yes, because this is worthy of thanks. If a man for conscience toward God endure grief and suffer wrongfully."

In other words, God says - Obey. So you say - Even if he's perverse - I'll obey. And even though you suffer, your conscience toward God is right. And God will reward that, verse 20, "For what glory is it if when you are buffeted for your faults you take it patiently. But if when you do well you suffer for it and take it patiently this is acceptable to God."

When you're working as hard as you can, and the guy's oppressing you and you're doing it unto God, blessed are you. The Bible says whether your employer is a perverse man or a Godly man, you are to be obeying him.

Now of course that comes to the point where if he asks you to do something that is evil, immoral, against the Word of God, that's when you have to stop right there and say we ought to obey God rather than men at this point. But anything short of a moral issue, you are to respond.

Now imagine what this was like, because in...in Paul's day and Peter's day, slaves became Christians. And all of a sudden slaves becoming Christians were raised to a nobler standing before God. They now knew the beginning and the end of the universe, they had divine truth. They were sons of the King, they had been lifted up and elevated and glorified and their natural response would be to say - Man, I'm not taking orders from that guy anymore. I'm a believer. I'm a child of the King. I'm a son of God. I am a... going to reign with Him forever. I'm going to judge the earth. I'm not going to listen to this guy telling me this ... this perverse master of mine. And you know what would have happened? They would have absolutely destroyed Christian testimony. And so the Apostle Paul says no matter what your master's like, and Peter says it too, no matter what your master's like - you constantly obey that master. This is vital. This is vital.

Because we want the world to know that being a Christian doesn't make you disgruntle, being a Christian doesn't make you better than everybody else. Being a Christian doesn't make you a lousy worker. Being a Christian doesn't spin your head off into some never-never land where all you're doing is thinking spiritual thoughts all the time and you can't stay at the job. But being a Christian would give you a new imperative, and a new inspiration and a new commitment to an honest and faithful day's work.

Frankly, people, at the ...at the office or ... at the job they're not going to listen to anything you say about Christ if they don't see in your life real commitment to work and to be a good employee.

You say - But I've been unjustly punished, I don't get what I ought to get, they don't pay me enough and the...the so forth and so forth... Well, change jobs. That's one option. I saw that back in the Old Testament; if the slave wasn't happy where he was go where he's happy. But if you're there and you've made the commitment then you need to give all you can. All you can.

You say- Well, what about if I work for a Christian. You know, this is another kind of a problem. Because some people work for a Christian, they think they can do less. They say well, he's already a Christian, it doesn't matter what my testimony is. Right? See.

Or - Well, he's a Christian so we're just...we're just brothers in the Lord and we discuss things together.

No, no, even though you're a Christian and he's a Christian and you're brothers in the Lord, and you go to the same church, he's still the leader and you're still the follower and you do what he says.

You know, I have kind of that relationship here at Grace Church, in a sense. Because I'm an employee of the church and the elders of the church set policy for what I do and they set my salary and they establish what my work should be and when I should be here and what I should accomplish and the parameters of my ministry and tell me whether I ought to go over here and do this or not do this and whatever. And I'm an employee. And I will accept that because that's the way it ought to be. And all of the pastors on the staff of the church here are really employees to the church. But what's so wonderful about it is the fact that while we are responding as employees, when we come together in the assembly of Christ here, all of a sudden all those distinctions are lost and all those people who are making the policy for my employment, I'm teaching the Word of God to. And that's what happened in the early church.

You had a master and a slave and the master ran the employment situation, and then he went to the Christian assembly and the master sat in the pew while the slave was the elder. That's a great thing.

So whether you have a good master, an evil master, a Christian master, a non-Christian master, the principle is the same. You are to obey and to give a full days' work for a full day's wage with the right attitude.

Titus 2:9, "Exhort servants to be obedient unto their own masters and to please them well in all things," I like this, "not answering back." Don't mouth off to your boss, just obey. "Not pilfering," stay out of the petty cash. "But show all good trustworthiness." Why? "That they may adorn the doctrine of God our Savior in all things."

You know what the issue is, people? How you work will effect what people think about God. That's right. How you work will ... will determine what people think about God. And even in ... even a Christian employee.

You say - Well, I'm...I have a Christian employer, I'm not concerned, he already thinks right about God.

But in I Timothy 6:1: "Let as many servants that are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honor that the name of God and His doctrine be not blasphemed," the same thought as in Titus' you'd better work hard for your master so that God's name isn't blasphemed. "And they that have believing masters let them not despise them because they are brethren but rather do them service because they're faithful and beloved, partakers of the benefit."

In other words, if you would serve with all your heart for someone who's not your brother, for God's sake you certainly would serve someone who is your brother. Right? So whether you've got a Christian or a non-Christian, whether you've got a good guy or a bad guy, or whatever, it's all the same. "Servants obey your masters, that's the right behavior."

The right perspective, look at verse 5 again. "According to the flesh," according to the flesh. In other words, the perspective is this is a human temporal relationship and that is all. The employer has authority only in that area not the spiritual.

And I think Paul is regulating here what could have been an abuse in the early church, where the employer would run the employee and the servants and the slaves and when they got to the church, you see, he’d be doing it again. And that's where Paul says - Cool it.

Galatians 3:28: "And Christ was neither male nor female, Jew nor Greek, bond nor free." We are all one. So when we get into the assembly of believers, we don't do that anymore. That is only according to the flesh. That is only a temporal thing. So the right behavior is obedience, the right perspective is that it is only a temporal issue.

That leads to the right attitude. He says the right attitude is "With fear and trembling." Now some of you say Boy, that's the way I work, I'm afraid of that guy, I'm afraid of... But it isn't that kind of thing. It's the fear and trembling that should be translated - reverence and respect... reverence and respect.

Why? Because God has ordained the authority/submission principle. If you can't reverence and respect the individual for who he is, then, or she is, then respect them for the place they have in the design of God. Because God has designed some in authority, some in submission. And so it is a matter of honor, respect and reverence. We just read you I Timothy 6 where it says: "Honor your master." This is your attitude. You are to realize that God has established authority and submission. God has allowed him to be there and you to be where you are. It isn't the fear and trembling of shaking in your boots every time he comes around, but it's the respect and the honor. Because God has ordained this. God has assigned you that task.

Do you know something? Where you work is a mission field that God has placed you on. And you have a responsibility there. And so your service to your employer is an act of service to God. And so that is the perspective that is necessary. You must realize that you are only doing this temporally, but the attitude is that you are reverent toward it because it is a divine principle. It is a divine principle that you're responding to.

Now fourthly, he talks about the right commitment. If you have the right behavior, moving along in the right perspective with the right attitude, you're going to have the right commitment, and this is really great. Verse 5 says - "In singleness of your heart." In singleness of your heart.

What does singleness of your heart mean? It means undivided, honest, upright, loyal commitment. In other words, you have one thing in your mind, single heartedly you do your job. Loyalty, commitment to do your very best all the time. People, this is so practical it's just amazing.

First Thessalonians 4:10: "And indeed you do it toward all brethren who are in Macedonia, we beseech you, brethren, increase more and more," listen, "study to be quiet, to do your own business, work with your own hands as we commanded you that you may walk honestly toward them that are outside and may lack nothing." In other words, do your job, keep your mouth shut, work with your hands, and you'd be an honor to God. Do your job. Singleness of heart. Sixty minutes of work for sixty minutes of pay. Give it all you've got. It's really important.

Boy, how practical this is. If we want to turn things around and see a difference, and if we're really filled with the Spirit of God it will be visible on the job. Because we'll have the right behavior with the right perspective, with the right attitude and the right level of commitment and the right motive. Look at the end of verse 5: "As unto Christ." As unto Christ.

You mean ... you mean, my boss is representative of Christ? You are to do your job as if Christ were there. Why? Because He is. And He is the ultimate paymaster, believe me. He is the ultimate paymaster. We'll see that in a moment.

The word show... and I want you to get this, that there is no difference, now get this, there is no difference between your Christian life and your job. There's no secular. There's no secular thing. Your job is service rendered as unto Christ. Whatever you do, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do do it all to the ... what? ... glory of God, I Corinthians 10:31. "Present your bodies a living sacrifice."

In other words, your very living is a sacrifice to God. Your very working is an offering given to Him. Your job is service to Christ. That's a critical thing. And people talk all the time about full time service - every Christian is in full time service ... every single one. I don't know any part time Christian living - do you? Today I'm a Christian, tomorrow I don't know. Tuesday through Saturday, I don't know but Sunday and Monday I'm a real Christian. No, no, it's a full time thing. Full time service. Everything you do is service to Christ.

People say - Oh, you know, I just wish I could quit my lousy job, I ... you know, and they're a poor worker or they're lazy or they don't have any diligence and they want to get out of it. They say - I want to go into the ministry.

You know, the ministry does not need deadbeats. We really ... we've got a lot of them anyway, but we don't need them. But there's a lot of them around. But you know, people say - Oh, I want to get into the minis, listen, there are two reasons why you may not be in the ministry. Number one, it just isn't God's will and that's okay too because what I do is significant for me. And what you do is significant for you. And there's no sense in switching the two. There's nothing better than something else. We just want to be in God's will. Right? So, number one you may not be in the ministry cause that isn't where God wants you.

But number two, you may not be in the ministry because you haven't been faithful over little and God isn't dumb enough to put you lord over much. And if you can't do your service to Christ in your job then who is to say you're ever going to do it in the church? Start where you are. Faithful over little, lord over much.

In verse 6 he says the same thing, essentially, but he adds not only to the ... to the right act, or the right behavior, the right perspective, the right attitude, the right commitment, the right motive and now the right diligence. "Not with eye service as men pleasers."

Now what is he saying here? What is our right diligence? We are to be diligent all the time not with eye service. That means not just working when the boss is looking. Eye service ... do you know what eye service is? When you're just going like this all the time. See, you're rolling your head around to see who's checking on you. I've got to go into the office today because the boss is coming, today. I've got to put my hours in. I've got to clock in and then I'll do ... you know. Eye service ... eye service. Salary evaluation time - you really start cranking it out. When you know they're talking about salary, boy, you... you're just frothing at the mouth and spinning wheels. Smoke coming out behind you. See. This is eye service. But we are to have a steady pace of loyal commitment that shows diligence all the time, not with eye service as men pleasers.

We don't do what we do to please men. We don't do what we do to get the approval of men. We don't do what we do to please the boss. We don't do what we do to get the big money, to get the raise. That's not the idea. What we do, the right diligence is this - as servants of Christ we do the will of God from the inside, you see? And what is the will of God? That you work the way God wants you to. And you do it not because the boss is watching but because the Lord is watching. Right?

The Lord is the ultimate paymaster. The Lord is the one checking. The Lord is the one evaluating. And right diligence involves that kind of commitment. We serve Christ, verse 6 says. Doing the will of God from the heart.

Verse 7 repeats the same thing. "With a ready mind, doing service as to the Lord and not to men." It's the same thing. The end of Verse 5, "as unto Christ."

Verse 6, "As servants of Christ."

Verse 7, "Doing service to the Lord."

It's all three verses are saying the same thing. We are not serving men, you are not serving your boss. You are not serving your company, your corporation, your foreman. What you're doing is serving God. And every day's work and every task in that day should be an offering given to God to prove your devotion to Him, to prove the reality of a Spirit-filled life.

Why? That His...His nature may be adorned, His testimony may be enhanced, the credibility of His person may be uplifted. And so when you get up in the morning it's - I'm going to serve the Lord today. Get out there and pump that gas and make those hamburgers, do it to the glory of Christ.

But that isn't the way it usually ... Oh, I've got to go to work.... down to that crummy deal, and... And you don't even have the right perspective. It's an offering to God, and if you're faithful over that who knows what the Lord might do for you? Who knows?

Paul was a tent maker. But God had better things. Greater things. And who knows if you're faithful? But even if you stay being a tentmaker, that's okay if that's His will. Because that's the best thing for you.

And so as you approach each day, today is the day of service to the Lord. And today I'm going to vow that whatever my hand finds to do, will be done to the glory of God. That His truth may be adorned in my life and that people see me may glorify Him. If you seek to please men, you corrupt your motive. If you seek to do what only the boss watches you do, you mess up your mind. You're serving Christ and in case you don't think so, look at verse 8.

"Knowing that whatever good thing any man does." Listen, whatever good work you do. You say - But the boss never knows and he doesn't see it, everybody else gets the credit, they keep pushing people past me, they don't know that I'm really the one doing it, but listen, whatever good thing any man does the same shall he receive from the Lord whether he's bondslave or a free man. God doesn't miss one thing that you deserve. And you know what? One of these days it's all going to come cashing in on your account. The question is are you going to scratch and claw for it now, or are you going to be diligent and faithful and let God give it to you in the Kingdom?

Perhaps you heard the story of the old missionary returning home after many years of sacrificial service in Africa. He was on a ship and on the same ship was President Theodore Roosevelt. And he had been big game hunting in Africa. The ship docked at New York and there were tremendous crowds to greet the President and the press was there to cover the story. And the old missionary and his wife walked off the ship and nobody noticed. Somebody pushed them out of the way and they took a taxicab to a cheap hotel to spend the night before traveling west.

It just doesn't seem right, the missionary said to his wife, in a rather bitter tone. We give our life to Jesus Christ to win souls in Africa, we arrive home and nobody is there to meet us and no reward and the President goes and shoots some animals and he gets a royal welcome.

And as they were praying before retiring, it seemed that the Lord spoke to them and said - Do you know why you haven't received your reward yet, my children? It's because you're not home yet.

And I think that's right. I don't think it's all going to come together until we get home. And that's why we'd better be working with a view to that world not this world

And so God lays down the standard of how we are to work.

Let's turn the tables in closing. It's only one verse because we've already given all the principles; they're just applied here to the other side. The submission of the master, in verse 9.

What is the employer's task? I love this. "Ye masters, do the same things to them." What can be said besides that? What are the same things? What do you mean the same things?

First of all, the right goal. And what is the same things refer to? I believe the antecedent to that is at the end of verse 6: "Doing the will of God from the heart." You do the same thing, you be Spirit controlled and do God's will. And what is God's will? God's will is that you are reverent, that you are single-minded, that you be an employer who realizes that you are serving Jesus Christ. That's it. You serve an employer's role like you expect them to serve you. Same standards, the same fairness, the same equity, the same diligence, the same hard work... the same Godliness, the same Christ-likeness, the same adorning of the doctrine of God.

Listen, as an employer you be sure that Christ is manifest in your life. You be sure that God is manifest in your decisions. You be sure that what you do is a single-minded commitment to the needs of those employees to put out the very best product in the very best way without compromise, to not cheat or do what is wrong, but to do the will of God from deep in your heart. And realize as an employer that you're answerable to Christ, not a board, and not the ... the employees, but Jesus Christ Himself. Do the same thing, with the right spirit, secondly.

Verse 9 says: "Forbearing threatening," hold back from threats, don't intimidate your employees by yelling at them. Don't use verbal abuse. That was a temptation and still is. The Spirit-controlled employer is gentle, he's never divisive or derisive. He's never abusive, he's never threatening. And he says, you ought to have the right goal, doing the same things, with the right attitude, not being abusive, based on the right standard, I love this. "Knowing that your Master also is in heaven."

Who is the standard for masters? Who is the greatest Master of all? The Lord Jesus Christ. You treat your employees like Christ treats you. See? That's the way.

And finally, the right equity. "Play no favorites, neither is there respect of persons with Him." You be fair, you be equitable, you do not be abusive or threatening and you realize that you are called to do the will of God to meet their needs with singleness of heart, to fulfill all God's will.

Listen, you get Spirit-filled employees and Spirit-filled employers working like this and we can see something different than the confusion and chaos we see in our world today. Because we'll have people being unselfish doing the will of God. Let's pray.

Father, we've touched on such a practical area and we ask that You'd give us grace to fulfill what we know to be true. Help us to be diligent, hardworking, faithful, loyal, loving, unselfish, sacrificial, Spirit-filled people whether we are employees or employers or both. God, help us to live to adorn the doctrine of God, to lift up Your holy name so that the world around us will see in our diligence, in our commitment, in our service to Jesus Christ, such distinction, such beauty, such wonder, such grace of life, that they'll be drawn to Jesus Christ. Oh God, may we know that what we say may not even be important at all, but what we live and what we do as we work may set the stage to make the gospel believable. God, make us! the kind of Spirit-filled people You want us to be in our marriages, in our families, at our jobs for Your glory we pray. Amen.

Work: A Noble Christian Duty, Part 1

This morning in our time in God's Word we return to that wonderful little epistle we've been studying, 2 Thessalonians chapter 3. While I was away I wanted to spend some time in study of the passage in this text because I want to complete this wonderful book and the text before us in chapter 3 proved to be a fascinating and interesting one to me as I studied it. We're going to be looking this morning, at least initially, at verses 6 through 15...a very very interesting little section, in fact quite unique in the New Testament dealing with the subject of work...work. In fact, I suppose I could title the message, "Work: A Christian Duty."

I don't know if you think about work like that, you probably don't. Some of you think about work as a sort of a drudgery that you have to do, whether it's your work at a job that you possess or whether it's domestic work in the home, it's just something that's necessary and you do it and it isn't particularly joyous but it's there and it has to be done. Some of you think about work in relationship to money. You think about work as a way in which you can purchase your pleasures, if you will, purchase the life style that you're after. Some of you think about work as a way to fulfill your ego and achieve what you feel you need to achieve so that you can gain some accolades from the people around you. Some of you think about work as a way to fulfill your ambition, a way to fulfill your gifts and skills, a way to accomplish some meaningful purposeful thing with your life. Some of you think about work as a way to serve people, as a way to make life easier for some folks, as offering a service rendered to them that can be a source of pleasure or enjoyment to them.

There are a lot of ways you can look at work. But I guess if we were to really to sort of sum them up, it might be a long time before we ever heard anybody say..."I look at my work as a way to serve God." That doesn't seem to be a fairly popular perspective on work, even among Christians, and in fact it should be. In spite of what most people might think, in spite of what most people might feel, work is one of the most honorable and noble things a Christian can do. In fact, in the very beginning God established that man would earn his bread by the sweat of his brow, Genesis 3:19. Right after the Fall God said you're going to work, you're going to work your sustenance.

On the other hand, Scripture has a lot to say about lazy people. Proverbs says, "Poor is he who works with a negligent hand." It also says, "The soul of the lazy person craves but gets nothing." It also says, "The lazy person doesn't plow after the autumn so he begs during the harvest and has nothing." It says, "The desire of the lazy person puts him to death for his hands refuse to work." And in Proverbs 24, "The lazy person says a little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to rest," and as a result, he's destitute.

What should be the proper view of work? How are we to understand it as regards to Christians? Is it a secular thing or is it a sacred thing? Well, if you go back in to the history say of the Jews, the Jews looked as work as a secular thing. The Jews didn't understand the sacred duty of work, they saw it merely as a common menial sort of human second‑class effort whereas religious duties were first‑class, sacred, divine, noble things. The Talmud, for example, has a very interesting prayer in it, the Talmud is the codification of Jewish tradition and law. And it has a very interesting prayer that was prayed by the scribes. A scribe, you'll remember, was a person who devoted his entire life to studying Scripture. That's all he did in his life and he was supported by the Jewish community to do nothing but study the Law. This is a scribal prayer, listen to it: "I thank Thee, O Lord my God, that Thou hast given me my lot with those who sit in the house of learning and not with those who sit at the street corners. For I am early to work and they are early to work. I am early to work on the words of the Law, and they are early to work on things of no importance. I weary myself and they weary themselves. I weary myself and profit thereby, and they weary themselves to no profit. I run and they run. I run toward the life of the age to come and they run toward the pit," end quote.

It's really not a very good view of work, is it? People who get up early for no reason, who work to produce nothing, who run to the pit of death pointlessly. What a narrow and what a painful view and what a prideful view assuming that because you spend your time working on the Law of God you're somehow better couldn't be further from the truth, and yet it not only pervaded Judaism, sad to say it's even found its way in to the church. Any trip to Europe will confirm this to you if you get around to the normal tour of castles and churches, we call it smells and bells, and they introduce you to the history of these places. You inevitably intersect with monarchies and religious orders.

Eusebius started a lot of this stuff in the fourth century, he was an early church father. Listen to what he wrote. "There are two ways of life given by the law of Christ to His church. One is above nature and beyond common human living, holy and permanently separate from the common customary life of man. It devotes itself to the service of God alone. Such is the perfect form of the Christian life," end quote.

Now what Eusebius was saying was that the first manner of life is Christian ministry, Christian service, devoting yourself to the service of God alone and that is the perfect form of the Christian life. Then in a second paragraph he said this, "And the other, the second more humble, more human, permits man to have minds for farming, for trade and the other secular interests and a kind of secondary grade of piety is attributed to them," end quote.

What Eusebius said is first‑class Christians are those who serve God alone. The second‑class Christians are those who have secular employment. So if you want to be a first‑class Christian, then you must devote your life to serving God alone. And it was that kind of teaching that led to monasticism. That kind of teaching that bred all of those abbeys with all of those monks, all of those monasteries with all of those priests who were in there for decades of their life, contemplating their spiritual navel, as it were, looking inward and constantly asserting their own humility before God and spending time in this continual study of Scripture like the scribes had in Judaism before them. A visit to a monastery yield some very interesting things. I visited a number of them and again even on this trip visited more of them. A typical day for a monk was, first of all, he believed that because he was in the service of God alone, he was a first‑class Christian and he devoted himself to God alone with no mundane duty at all. His day would run like this...up at three A.M. for the first service. You say, "Why at three A.M.?" Just to make you miserable because there was certain penance in misery. You didn't want to sleep more than two or three hours, you might be thought to be carnal so they roused them all at three A.M. and they had their first Mass, they put them back at four and they got them up at five. And they had their second Mass and before the day was over they had five more of them. In between they spent their time in prayer and reading the Scripture. And they did that for the years and the decades of their life, believing that that in and of itself made them a perfect Christian, or an elevated Christian whereas anyone outside farming or doing a trade or working in a business was a second‑class Christian.

The idea that work somehow made you second‑class, that secular useless lower employment put you beneath the religious order found its way into the church so formidably that it never really got rooted out or even began to be rooted out until the time of the Reformation in the sixteenth century with Martin Luther and John Calvin attacking it. It's still around in Catholicism, but the Reformation dealt some pretty heavy blows against it. Martin Luther said there is absolutely no difference before God though there may be before men between one who preaches the Word of God and one who washes dishes. There's no such thing, he said, as the sacred and the secular in terms of employment. We understand the difference between preaching and washing dishes as it effects men, but in terms of service before God there's no difference for one could preach the truth of God from an impure motive and God would be displeased and one could wash dishes with a motive of glorifying Christ and God would be highly pleased.

Paul faces a wrong attitude toward work in this text. I don't know whether it was because there was Jewish influence in this young church. I don't know whether some of these people had been converted out of Judaism and they were saying...Look, in Judaism the highest level of spiritual life was to be a scribe and spend all your time studying the Law and so I imagine that's the highest kind of Christianity so I'm just going to spend all my time studying the Law and I'm not going to work.

It may have been not so much the Jewish influence as the Greek influence. I don't know if you remember this, you surely do, but all of the menial labor in the Roman Empire was done by whom? Slaves. And the freeman found it utterly degrading to do work. In fact, you can read the literature around the time of the New Testament and you will find in Helenistic or Greek Roman culture that freemen wanted to be free to contemplate, to think and to talk, but not to work. Slaves did all the work. If you were a freeman, work was beneath you. The whole Greek world operated on the basis of slaves and that mentality had found its way into the church, no doubt, and maybe there were some freemen who now had a problem because before they were Christians they operated in some philosophical school or they taught in some place or maybe they were associated in some business where they did all the dreaming and the scheming and everybody did all the labor and now they became a Christian and they lost their job and they lost their position as teacher or philosopher. And now they're on their own but it's beneath them to work. They've never worked and now when they don't have the income that came from their prior occupation, they're trust into the situation where they need to work and they're just above that, they're not about to work. They've always been freemen, freemen don't do labor, slaves do labor, we won't work.

And then you had another problem. As if that wasn't enough, coming from the Jewish culture and the Gentile culture, somebody had come to the Thessalonian church, according to chapter 2 verse 2, and told them they were in the day of the Lord which is the very end time and Jesus was coming very soon. And it may have been that some of them were saying..."Look, if Jesus is coming, if we're in the day of the Lord and God's fury is about to fall and the Lord is about to return, we don't want to get involved in work, we need to evangelize. We need to do spiritual ministry. Work will just take up our hours and a perishing world on the brink of a returning Christ...we can't be fussing with that, we need to be evangelizing."

And there may have just flatly been some folks who said, "I don't like to work." Just plain ole lazy. So it may have been the Jewish influence that the really elevated religious people study the Scriptures and they're supported for that. Or it may have been the Gentile mentality that says freemen don't work. Or it may have been theeschatological end times mentality that says Jesus is coming, we can't be doing work, we've got to be doing evangelism. Or it may have been some folks who just said..."Hey, we're lazy. Why, we don't want to work." Furthermore, these people who were just flat out lazy would know that the Bible taught that the people who had were supposed to give it to the people who didn't have, and they classified themselves as the self‑appointed poor and said we are now your charity cases and you'll take care of us because that's what Jesus instructed you to do.

Whatever the reason, there were people who weren't working. It fascinates me that Paul doesn't tell us the reason. You want to know why? It doesn't matter what the reason is. None of it is valid. I mean, we would immediately reject the reason..."Well, I'm lazy, I don't want to work, so meet my needs. You're suppose to take care of the poor." We would reject that immediately. Yes we know you're suppose to take care of the poor, but that's the poor who are poor because they can't help but be poor. The people who would work but can't find work, or who can't work because they're infirm or disabled and we are to meet their needs. But not the people who can work and have opportunity to work. So we would discount that. And we would discount probably the Gentile mentality that says I'm too good to work. We would say those are ignoble excuses. We'll push those aside.

We might think a little longer about the other two and say...Well it would be a lofty way to spend your life to just do nothing but study the law, and we are living in the return of Jesus Christ potentially and maybe it is right that we ought to just dump our job and run out and evangelize. We would give that a little more credence and say well that's a little more noble excuse for not working. But it fascinates me that Paul doesn't tell us the reason. You know why? Because it doesn't matter, they're all invalid. The very fact that he makes no comment is a comment. We don't know why they wouldn't work. We don't know whether it was just flat laziness or eschatology. We don't know whether it was some lofty desire to spend all their time in Bible study or whether it was some passionate zeal to do all their time in evangelism, it didn't matter. These people were a problem.

So starting in verse 6, look what he says to them. "Now we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ that you keep aloof from every brother who leads a disorderly or unruly life," and in this context it means who won't work, "and not according to the tradition which you received from us, for you yourselves know how you ought to follow our example because we didn't act in an undisciplined manner among you, nor did we eat anyone's bread without paying for it, but with labor and hardship we kept working night and day so that we might not be a burden to any of you. Not because we do not have the right to this but in order to offer to offer ourselves as a model for you that you might follow our example. For even when we were with you we used to give you this order, if anyone will not work, neither let him eat. For we hear that some among you are leading an undisciplined life, doing no work at all but acting like busybodies. Now such persons we command and exhort in the Lord Jesus Christ to work in quiet fashion and eat their own bread. But as for you, brethren, do not grow weary of doing good. And if anyone doesn't obey our instruction in this letter, take special note of that man and do not associate with him so that he may be put to shame and yet do not regard him as an enemy but admonish him as a brother."

Now it becomes obvious that there's some people living in unruly, undisciplined, disorderly life and what it comes down to is they're not working and they're meddling busybodies fussing around and not working. And then casting themselves on everybody else to have their food need met. And the Apostle is directing this passage at these people who won't work. It is a very unique passage, directed for folks and for the church in which folks exist who will not work.

You see, our Christian faith has sanctified every occupation. There isn't any difference between the secular and the sacred, there isn't any at all. The church should remember that Jesus was a preacher for three years but a carpenter for at least 20. That sanctifies work. All of life is God's. All of it is for His glory.

Look for a moment with me at Ephesians chapter 6, and I can illustrate this to you in the inspired text. Ephesians chapter 6 tells us every job, every occupation, every work falls within a believer's sacred duty. There's no such thing as a secular job for a Christian, there's no such thing as a secular anything because everything is to be done to the glory of God. But look at Ephesians 6 verse 5, "Slaves," or servants, it could be employees, "be obedient to those who are your masters according to the flesh with fear and trembling in the sincerity of your heart as to Christ." Okay? Work under your employer with fear, that's reverence, trembling, understanding that he controls your destiny...sincerity as if you were serving Christ. Verse 6, "Not with eye service," that is just working because he's watching, "not as a men‑pleaser," not just pleasing him, "but as slaves of Christ doing the will of God from the heart. With good will render service as to the Lord and not to men." In other words, in your job you're serving the Lord with your attitude and your effort. Verse 8, "Knowing that whatever good thing each one does, this he will receive back from the Lord, whether slave or free." Whether you're an employee who is a slave, whether you're a worker who is a freeman, the work you give rendered to the Lord, the Lord will repay. Your service is to Him, not your boss.

In Colossians 3, parallel passage, verse 22 we read the same thing. "Employees, or slaves, in all things...Colossians 3:22...obey those who are your masters on earth, not with external service as those who merely please men but with sincerity of heart fearing the Lord. Whatever you do, do your work heartily as for the Lord rather than for men." Now follow verse 24, "Knowing that from the Lord you will receive the reward of the inheritance." The Lord will reward you. Here's the sum of it. "It is the Lord Christ whom you serve."

Your job is not a secular job, it is a spiritual duty. You are serving the Lord with your attitude and your diligence. You're serving the Lord. You're doing it unto His honor and to His glory. You're even serving mankind for what you do provides a service to man that helps them in their life.

So Paul is saying to the Ephesians and saying to the Colossians, work is a sacred duty not a secular one. Work is sacred in the sense that it is done to the Lord...whether you're washing dishes, scrubbing floors, taking care of children at home and maintaining the house, or whether you're in the financial marketplace doing accounting and bookkeeping for a company, or whether you're delivering mail or teaching school or driving a truck, or whether you're operating a business, or whether you're working in sales, whether you're developing strategy for marketing, or whether you're some kind of an expert who acts as a consultant in a unique field...whatever it is that you're doing it is a service rendered to the Lord. He has gifted you. He has granted you talent. He has given you the power to get wealth, as it says in Deuteronomy, through means of that. And He has allowed you the opportunity to provide your sustenance through that talent, ability and experience and capability that you have. But it is to be done as if you were serving Him, the one who gave you that as the means by which you can earn your living...particularly is this not true for Christians. Everything you do is a sacred trust.

You say, "You mean to tell me that what I do is as important before God as what you do?" Yes. You say, "You mean washing dishes in my house as unto the Lord is the same as you preaching as unto the Lord?" Yes, not in its impact for evangelism on men, not in its certain instructiveness in regards to Scripture, not before men is it necessarily the same and kind but before God it is the same for it is your service rendered to His glory. That's the point and the Thessalonians didn't grasp it.

Now frankly they should have. I mean, go back to 1 Thessalonians for a moment, chapter 4. First Thessalonians chapter 4 and verse 10, at the very end of verse 10 he says, "We urge you, brethren, to excel still more," you're doing well but you need to do better. And then in verse 11 he says why, "Make it your ambition to lead a quiet life," quit running around all over the place, settle down, "attend to your own business," stay out of other people's business, "and work with your hands." Now what he's talking about here is work. In verse 12 he says, "So that you may behave properly toward outsiders and not be in any need." Work, don't be a meddler, don't be a busybody, don't be fussing around with other people's business, get your life ordered, get it brought in to control, attend to your own business and do your own work so that, verse 12, you don't have any needs. That is very important to the unity of the church. And it is important to see your work as honoring to God.

So he says that in 1 Thessalonians 4, so he's already told this to them. But would you notice what else he says at the end of verse 11? "Just as we commanded you." So in the first letter, this isn't the first time they've heard this. When he was there he must have confronted it and commanded them about it. When he came into town and he founded the church, obviously it was a problem from the beginning, which leads me to think that they carried in this Gentile freeman mentality and then somehow compounded it by the anticipation of the return of Christ. It's beneath me and it's not the priority as we're near the return of Christ. And Paul had instructed them when he was there...work, go to work. This is a command from God. They apparently didn't obey it. And now a few weeks later he writes this letter back, 1 Thessalonians, and he says again, you must do this as we commanded you. Now you come to 2 Thessalonians and he has to repeat it a third time because apparently they are stubborn, they are obstinate and they're not about to go to work. It doesn't seem to matter what he says, they're not going to work.

This kind of stubbornness needs to be dealt with. And so as he writes here, he writes in a disciplinary way. Verse 6 is really discipline. He is commanding the church to keep aloof from these people who won't work.

You say, "Well now wait a minute, doesn't the Scripture tell us we're to help those people who are poor?" Again I say to you, people who would work but can't find work, people who would work but don't have the physical ability to work, people who are ill and can't do their work, their needs must be met. He's not talking about those kinds of people, he's talking about able‑ bodied people with opportunity. Obviously Acts 4, Acts 2 even, and Acts 4, Acts 5, Acts 6, the early church, there was a sharing with the poor saints in Jerusalem. And Paul spent months collecting an offering from Gentile churches to take back to poor saints in Jerusalem who would have worked if they could have. We're not talking about that. What we're talking about is the deadbeats, the people who could but won't.

So in this text Paul is really going to motivate them. You can imagine when this letter was read in the Thessalonian church, everybody knew who they were talking about, everybody knew. When Paul said, "We command you, brethren," and so forth, they knew who was the target of this. In fact, I think Paul knew who they were, he just doesn't say. So they were exposed to the whole church when the letter was read. And they would have heard this read and its inherent motivation.

Paul lays out in verses 6 to 15 six incentives to go to work. Six motivations, six compulsions to get these believers who won't work to go to work. Here are the six...disfellowship, disfellowship, example, survival, harmony, shame and love...dis‑fellowship, example, survival, harmony, shame and love. Now this morning we're just going to look at the first one...disfellowship. And then next week we'll see the rest, and they are absolutely fascinating insights.

First one, incentive number one, disfellowship. Verse 6, "Now we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ that you keep aloof from every brother who leads an unruly life," and the obvious interpretation of that is they don't work and therefore they're these busybodies all over the place, "and not according to the tradition which you received from us."

Now the verse is very strong. And what it calls for is the church to separate itself from these Christians who won't work...separate yourself from them. This is tough. If they're the lazy ones who won't work just because they're lazy, they depend on these people. If they're the people who have this sort of noble view that they should be studying the Bible and evangelizing and therefore they won't work, they're going to be expecting these people to look at them as if they're heroes and support them. And what he says is...cut yourself off. That verb "keep aloof" is a very unusual word and it was used in secular Greek to speak of furling the sails. You unfurl the sail, you open it up. You furl it, you roll it back in, pull yourselves in from them. It came to mean that and it is a good translation in the NAS, "Keep aloof, keep your distance, keep separate." And the words are very strong. He's not saying, "You know, it might be a really good strategy if you guys just kind of cut them off a little bit so they can feel the alienation and isolation." No, no, he doesn't say it's a good idea. In verse 6 he says, "We command you," and he uses a military term. If there is somebody who doesn't work, we command you...and here he's sort of scooping up Silas and Timothy with himself as noted in the first verse of the first chapter, they were there when he wrote. We command you, brethren...and then he adds another heavy‑duty shot to this, "in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ," the full name of the Lord, the Son of God, saying I am standing on Christ's authority in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, consistent with His person and work and will, the will of the sovereign Lord, we give you a military command not to be disobeyed that carries all the authority of the living Lord Jesus Christ in it and we tell you...keep separate from these people. It's very stern. Cut them off. Disfellowship.

It's amazing, no doubt the Apostle Paul had gotten word that they had not responded to the teaching when he was there, and they hadn't responded to the first letter and now he's got to tell them the third time to do this. And now it's time for discipline. I mean, the first time it's instruction. The second time it's exhortation. But the third time it's discipline. Maybe he had heard from Timothy who had made a visit there and Timothy had come back and say, "Those people still aren't working, Paul. You better say something to them, they're still not working and the rest of the folks are getting a little upset about it." And it's also effecting the testimony of the church because they've got these people who aren't producing and they're just sponging. And maybe it was somebody who traveled along those trade routes that ran from Thessalonica to Corinth where Paul was when he wrote this and some of them have told him..."Paul, those people in the Thessalonian church have a problem. There are some folks there who won't work." And so now it's discipline. I mean, I told you once when I was there, and I told you again, and now it's discipline time. And he says I want drastic action. I want you to cut yourselves off from them. I want you to alienate yourself, keep aloof...notice this, comprehensive...every brother who leads an unruly...that's an out‑of‑step life, disorderly, ataktosin Greek. It's a military term, it means you're out of rank, out of line, out of order. And what was their out‑of‑order behavior? Laziness, they were loafers and it was flagrant because they had been told.

And I have given you, what he calls at the end of verse 6, the tradition which you received from us. Tradition simply being a term to sum up apostolic teaching. It was teaching and it became a body of truth, tradition to be passed on. Tradition doesn't have to be unscriptural. Sometimes we talk about the Scripture plus tradition, but there is a scriptural tradition. There is a biblical tradition. There is an apostolic tradition that was passed on. They had received the Word from Paul when he came at first, 1 Thessalonians 2:13 he says, "You received us...from us the Word of God's message and you accepted it, not as the word of men but for what it really is, the Word of God." When we first came and we taught you, you took it as the Word of God, you received the tradition and you held it and you believed it. And we gave you instruction in chapter 4 of the first letter as how you ought to walk and please God and you received it, and now this you haven't received. You've got some people who won't take this...so, if they haven't received this tradition that we gave about work, separate from them...separate from them. No more Lord's table, no more worship, no more home Bible study, no more fellowship, separate.

To fit this in to Matthew 18, the pattern of discipline, this would be the third step. Matthew 18:15 says if your brother sins, go to him, if he repents you've gained your brother...that's step one, one to one, you go to the person who sins. If he doesn't, step two, take two or three witnesses with you, go to him, confront him again hoping he'll repent. If he doesn't, tell the church, step three. Step three is to tell the church. What does the church do? Separate, alienate, still step three. Look down at verse 15. Step four, treat him like a tax collector and a pagan. This isn't step four because in verse 15 you admonish him as a...what?...as a brother. He's still in the fellowship, but the whole church is going to cut him off from normal life in the church and only confront him about his sin, or her if it happens to be a lazy woman. So he says you're at step three really. It's time for you to cut these people off from the life of the church if they don't obey, cut them off from fellowship, disfellowship them and when you see them, warn them, admonish them as brothers to repent. And then, of course, if they don't hear that, if they don't respond to this, then you go to step four which is to treat him like a pagan and a tax collector and alienate him all together and turn him over to the Lord.

Disfellowship...you don't work, make him feel it, make him feel the alienation. You say, "You know, if I was going to write an epistle and it was only three chapters long, I think I could think of a more important issue to deal with. I mean, this is a big deal?" It is. God has commanded us to work. It keeps people from being busybodies. It keeps people from being unnecessary burdens to the rest of the church community. It's a serious issue. Furthermore, God has given to us capacity for work by which we are designed to give Him glory and honor and by which we are designed to serve the needs of man in the name of Christ.

Serious issue with him. He commands it. He commands it with all the authority of the Lord Jesus Christ and he says I'm commanding you to stay away from these people so they feel the pain of alienation when they don't work. God is serious about work. It is a means by which man does an honorable task to the glory of God and the benefit of his fellow man. Now since normal true believers are going to cherish the fellowship, this kind of command to the rest of the congregation to disfellowship them should effect a change. It should be enough pain to make them say..."I think I better get a job, I think I better go to work." God wants us to obey that command.

I don't care how close we are to the Second Coming of Christ, there's no premium on indolence and laziness. We don't know when He's coming. I don't care how serious you might be about Bible study, you can't be off in a corner studying the Bible to your own pleasure and having other people feed you and provide your sustenance. You earn your bread by the sweat of your brow.

So the Scripture says work. It's honorable. And there's no such thing as a secular job, it's all sacred because you do it to the Lord, to His glory, to His honor and for the benefit of mankind. And if you don't do it and the church has gone to you once, like Paul did, and gone to you twice, like Paul did, it's now time for the third step which is tell the whole church to cut him off...no more fellowship. That's serious.

Well, there are five more incentives that are absolutely amazingly practical. We'll have to wait till next time to see those.

Father, thank You for this wonderful little section of Scripture which reminds us of the happy privilege and duty of work and gives us clear understanding that there's no secular, sacred dichotomy but whatever we do we really do to Your glory. Father, thank You for reminding us that we're not to be unnecessarily a burden on Your people, we're to work and provide for our own needs because this is honorable, because this is right, because You've equipped us to do that, because it's a good testimony. We thank You, too, Father, that for those in our fellowship who would work but can't either because there's no opportunity for them at all to do anything, or there's no ability there, or there's illness. Lord, thank You that we can help meet their needs and we do that joyfully. We thank You for the special joy of Christian fellowship, thank You for the fact that we have each other and that we're so rich because we do, we certainly would never want to be in a situation where we were cut off from each other because we wouldn't work.

I thank You, too, Lord, for the fact that You allow us to work for many years and because we have much provision by Your grace there comes a time when we no longer need to work the way we once did, but we can then do things in ministry and never be a burden to Your church because we have provision that You have granted us through the years of our labors. Give us the sense of the honorable character of work and help us to even go there tomorrow as we do the tasks around us, whether it be at home or whether it be at a job somewhere, with a new commitment that this is a sacred task we do and one that brings You glory and honor and helps others. And no matter how urgent might be the spiritual thing, help us to do our work for which You have given us the ability and the opportunity and to do it heartily as unto You and we thank You for that privilege which keeps our otherwise sinful lives occupied in Christ's name. Amen.

Work: A Noble Christian Duty, Part 2

We find ourselves in the third chapter now, verses 6 through 15 our text. And we've entitled this section, "Work: A Christian Duty." Before we look at the text specifically, I felt compelled this week to do a little bit of background study and perhaps get a broader perspective of the issue of work so that we understand the context better in which Paul writes and can apply it better in our own world.

We live in a culture, frankly, that has a very skewed work ethic. On the one hand you have workaholics, on the other hand you have lazy idle and loafing people who choose not to work at all. But in the middle the great mass of people may work but have a very wrong concept of work. I suppose we've all seen the bumper sticker sign that says, "I owe, I owe, so off to work I go," which views work as a very crass thing. It sees work as mercenary, work as simply a way to pay off your debts, to fund your life style. And we've all seen those little license plate frames that have such profound philosophy. They say things like, "I'd rather be fishing...I'd rather be flying...I'd rather be golfing...I'd rather be skiing...I'd rather be sailing...I'd rather be hiking...I'd rather be four‑wheeling," etc., etc. In other words, whatever it is I'm doing it certainly has no value when compared with play. We're a very infantile, adolescent kind of society. We really don't want to grow up. In fact, I saw a bumper sticker that said, "He wins who dies with the most toys" on the back of a BMW.

All this sort of conveys the current idea that people would rather play than work and they depreciate the value of work. Work is only the way to finance pleasure, so it's a necessary evil. It's a way to pay off the debts that you've accumulated in trying to elevate your life style. Without a proper work ethic we don't work well, we don't do quality work, we don't work with excellence, we don't do the things that ought to be done. Going back a little bit to our bumper‑sticker theology or philosophy, I have seen a bumper sticker that says, "Work fascinates me, I can sit and watch it for hours." And you've all seen the little sign that says, "Thank God it's Friday." I saw one that said, "Hard work may not kill me but why take a chance?"

Now I want to know if you have ever seen a sign on the back of a speed boat that said, "I'd rather be working?" Or a license plate that said, "Thank God it's Monday?" Not likely. We really do have a warped perspective on the matter of work. Our materialistic self‑indulgent adolescent infantile child‑like culture has a warped view of the place and role of work.

But honestly, it isn't anything new. Go with me back to the book of Ecclesiastes. In the book of Ecclesiastes, that fascinating wisdom literature of the Old Testament sandwiched there between Proverbs and Song of Solomon, we have a look at human thought. This is probably the one book in the Bible that uniquely sets out a worldly philosophy. It is exposed as such in the book but nonetheless you have the preacher, the writer, assessing life from a purely mundane human viewpoint. And he looks at life and he looks at work like anybody who lives does because work is a reality. And you find a series of questions that he asks. For example, in chapter 1 verse 3, "What advantage does man have in all his work which he does under the sun?" The question is...why work? What advantage is there to work? We have all this work to do, it is incessant, it is constant, but to what advantage is it?

Over in chapter 2 he still hasn't escaped his query in verse 22, "For what does a man get in all his labor and in his striving with which he labors under the sun?" What do you really get out of it? What does it really produce and how does it benefit?

Chapter 3 hasn't released him from his dilemma either. In verse 9 of chapter 3, "What profit is there to the worker from that in which he toils?" And we find ourselves in chapter 5 and he's still asking the same question in verse 16, he says, "Work frankly is a grievous evil," and at the end he says, "What is the advantage of him who toils for the wind for nothing?" What good is work? What purpose does it have? What function? What value? This is a very cynical view of work. And even the question itself shows something of the disappointment of the writer, something of the cynicism in his own heart as he looks at work with the wrong perspective.

Now he answers his own question. He really does. The answer isn't frankly very hopeful. Look at chapter 2, for example, and let's see how he views the answer to his own question. Verse 11, he says, "I considered all my activities which my hands had done and the labor which I had exerted and behold, all was vanity," nothing, useless, "striving after wind." In other words, something you can't touch and capture. "And there was no profit under the sun." So he says work was without benefit, it produced nothing, it accomplished nothing and it gave no real lasting benefit. Over in the same chapter, down a little bit, verse 18, he's still musing about this same futility of work so he said, "I hated all the fruit of my labor for which I had labored under the sun, for I must leave it to the man who will come after me." I hated the idea of all this work and everything that I had done and somebody else was going to get the benefit from it.

Down in verse 22 where he asked the question, he follows up in verse 23, "Because all his days his task is painful and grievous, even at night his mind doesn't rest, this too is vanity." It isn't bad enough that I have to work all day, but I stay awake all night thinking about the work I have to do all day. What use is this? Work is frankly a pain. Chapter 4, carry on his cynicism, in verse 4 of chapter 4 he says, "And I have seen that every labor and every skill which is done is the result of rivalry between a man and his neighbor. This too is vanity in striving after wind." He says I don't even like free enterprise, I don't even like a competitive marketplace, all it does is pit us against each other. The fool folds his hands and consumes his own flesh. In other words, some people just give up. ONe hand full of rest is better than two fists full of labor and striving after wind. In other words, who wants to work when you can rest, rest is much more desirable than work. So I looked at it all and it all was vanity under the sun, verse 7.

Just to show you how useless it is, there was a certain man, verse 8 says, without a dependent. I mean, he had nobody to support. He was all alone. He didn't have a son, he didn't have a brother. Yet there was no end to all his labor. I mean, even single people have to work hard for the necessities of life. Indeed his eyes were not satisfied with riches and he never asked and for whom am I laboring and depriving myself of pleasure? There it is.

The philosophy is work gets in the way of pleasure. Work is not pleasure. Work is not fun. It's not enjoyable. It's not satisfying. It just gets in the way of leisure, recreation, rest which is true pleasure. So he says here's a poor guy, he doesn't even have a dependent. He's not married, hasn't got kids, doesn't have relatives and he has to continually work and he's never satisfied with his riches and the question keeps popping up but never asked...why am I doing this, all this work is simply depriving me of pleasure, what emptiness, what a grievous way to live.

Chapter 5 focuses on the same issue. We see in verses 15 and 16 of chapter 5, talking about man coming into the world naked from his mother's womb, so he returns as he came. He comes in naked, he goes out naked. The point being, you don't bring anything when you arrive and you don't take anything when you go. You're stripped bare. He'll take nothing from the fruit of his labor that he can carry in his hand..nothing goes out with you. This, too, is a grievous evil. Exactly as a man is born, thus will he die. So what is the advantage of him who toils for the wind? That old adage, you can't take it with you. Somebody put it this way, "I've never seen a hearst pulling a U‑Haul."

Chapter 6 verse 7 states the same thing in different terms. All a man's labor is for his mouth, you just eat it up and yet your appetite is never satisfied. I work all day so I can eat and I'm hungry tomorrow. It just doesn't seem to have any real point...work.

But even the writer of Ecclesiastes knows that's not the end of the discussion. He asks the question and then he answers it with a typical mercenary self‑serving, lazy, worldling's perspective, but he doesn't stop there. You can't possibly live a satisfying life if that's how you view work. So he adds what is necessary. Look at chapter 2 verse 24, here is what must be said. "There is nothing better for a man than to eat and drink and tell himself that his labor is good. How can he do that? This also I have seen that it is from the hand of God." Here's the key‑‑you have to see work as a gift from God. You must see work as a gift of God. In chapter 3 verse 13 he says, "Moreover that every man who eats and drinks sees good in all his labor." Why? "Because he sees it as he gift of God." Chapter 5 verse 19, the same thing, "Furthermore, as for every man to whom God has given riches and wealth, He has also empowered him to eat from them and to receive his reward and rejoice in his work, this is the gift of God." And he doesn't even consider his life years, verse 20 says, "God keeps him occupied with his work which provides gladness for his heart."

What the writer of Ecclesiastes is saying to his contemporary philosophical cynical world is that work must be viewed as a gift from God. It is not some kind of a sub‑standard secondary lesser activity which is meant to do nothing but finance pleasure. It is in itself a gift from God. You say, in what sense is work a gift from God? I'll give you several. One, it is a means of glorifying God, our creator, by using the skills He gave us. It is a means of glorifying God our creator by using the skills He gave us. When you work with your mind and you achieve and accomplish with the skill of your thinking and your intellect, when you work with your voice and you demonstrate leadership ability and the ability to motivate and stimulate and move people and clarify issues and give directions, you are demonstrating a divinely granted skill that came to you through the creator. When you use your hands to accomplish skillful things and do beautiful work by manual labor, when you use your strength to move things that are heavy, when you use a facility of a delicate touch to accomplish something that is delicately beautiful, you are demonstrating the creator's glory as it's on display through His creation. If you think a flower shows the glory of God, look at a man or look at a woman and see the majesty and the genius of the mind of God. Work then is a gift by which we glorify God as we demonstrate His creative genius manifest in our own body and mind and soul.

Secondly, work is a gift from God because it is a means of providing value or meaning or fulfillment to life. The sense of accomplishing something. We all know that. We all know that deep soul satisfaction that we have accomplished something, that we have done something and we've held it up and said I've done it well. We know about the writer whose waste basket is filled with papers folded up and thrown away because they didn't achieve the level of accomplishment that he demands of himself, and finally the masterpiece comes forth. We all know about the artist whose bin is full of canvases that didn't exactly express what he felt in his soul and saw with his eye and finally the canvas of genius emerges. We know the student who comes to the end of his examination and knows that he's achieved the standard that must be achieved if he is to gain the degree. We know the one who performs at the highest level of skill in whatever it is that he does and therefore can stand back with pride and say, "I made that, I did that, I accomplished that." That's a very fulfilling thing. We are very goal oriented people, like God is a goal‑ oriented God who is always achieving His ultimate desires and we have those dreams and goals and visions and achieving those is all a part of being fully human in the sense that we are even in the image of God accomplishing things beneficial and fulfilling.

There's a third reason why work is a gift from God and that is because it prevents us from idleness, it prevents us from idleness which is spiritually very deadly. It occupies us. It keeps us busy and we remember the old adage that idle hands are a plaything for the devil. We understand that very well. It occupies us in meaningful tasks rather than leaving us idle to do those things which are harmful.

Fourthly, work is a gift from God because it is a means of providing for the needs of life. God has given work to us as a way in which we can gain wealth which is a way in which we can purchase our food. In an agrarian culture, work was the means of getting the food. In our culture it's the means of getting the money to get the food, but nonetheless it is the source of our life. God has given us food. God has given us shelter. God has given us drink and sustenance. God has given us the provision of clothing. But God has given us work as the means to acquiring all of it. So work is a noble thing by which we sustain the necessities of life.

And finally, we can say work is a gift from God because it is a means of serving mankind. It is a means of serving humanity. From the person who pumps the gas at the gas station or operates the gas station or works upon the engine of the car so that it runs, he is contributing to the well being of the individual he serves and his ability to do his job and to meet his appointments and to be with his family and to go where he wants to go all the way to the one who builds the car in the first place, who makes transportation possible, all the way to the person who makes the roads and paves the roads and makes sure they go where they're supposed to go, and to the man who paints the signs, who enables us to get off at the right place and get back on where we're supposed to, all the way to the people working in the medical field who provide for our physical well being, the folks who serve us food when we go out to eat or sell it to us in the market, people who teach us in school, the folks who come and take care of our yard or fix our plumbing, all of those people render a service to mankind by which his life is made more pleasing. Work is a gift from God. And even those foolish people who want only leisure want to make sure that everybody around them is working so that they can enjoy doing nothing.

Sadly, I think, for many Christians, work has lost its intrinsic value. I believe that God has given you skills to be applied in a certain kind of work which uniquely geared to you will bring you satisfaction and bring God glory. Work should not lose its intrinsic value. It is not simply a means to pay your debts. It is not simply a way to fund your pleasure and to finance your joys, it is in itself valuable, it is a gift from God.

Not only is work a gift from God, it is a command of God. I wonder whether we really understand that. We make a lot about the command in Exodus 20 but very often forget to emphasize the main point. You remember the command? It goes like this, "Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath, or a rest, for the Lord your God." We like to emphasize the Sabbath. Rarely do you hear anybody say anything about the sixth days of work. We talk about a five‑day work week in America and some people talk about a four‑day work week. God talks about a six‑day work week.

You say, "Is He saying that we are commanded to be on our jobs six days?" No, you know how it works. You're on the job five days and the sixth day you fix the house and the car and the yard and you run all the errands and you...that's work, that's all part of sustenance. The seventh day is to be devoted to the Lord.

You understand then that God has commanded us to work. That is a command. Six days you are to labor. God designs for man work. We can't have a low view of work if God has such a high view of it. I mean, it's right in there in that list with other things like you shall have no other gods before Me, you shall not make for yourself an idol. It's in there with you shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain. Pretty serious list. It's one of those things we owe to God...work. He gave us the gift of work, we owe Him the use of the gift He gave.

And I really believe that your vocation should suit you and the way God has designed you so that it is satisfying and fulfilling. And I believe if you're living in the will of God, God will provide that expression of His giftedness in you. You cannot have a low view of work when you understand that it is a gift from God and that it is a command of God.

Furthermore, you can't have a low view of work when you understand that God has even given us the example of work. The greatest worker in the universe is God. The truth of the matter is if He ever took a day off we'd all be done. God is a worker. Scripture talks about the work of God...the works of God. Often the Bible describes His works and I suppose you could sum them up with five categories. Whenever you see in Scripture the work of God it usually falls into these categories. One, the work of creation. God is a worker and He worked in creation and there's still a sense in which He continues to procreate that creation. And there may even be an on‑going creative work as the Lord Jesus said He was going to heaven to prepare a place for us. So God is the creator and that's one category of His work.

Secondly, He is the controller and He continues in the preservation of all that He has created. He upholds it by the Word of His power. And so God works in preservation, sustaining everything. The reason that little tiny atoms don't fly apart isn't because there is some glue in them that can be identified. The scientists can't identify it. What it is is the power of God. God has to hold them together. And He does that by His sustaining power. That's His work.

We see also the work of God in providence. God's work can be seen in providence as He orchestrates all the various factors of His entire universe to accomplish His purpose sovereignly.

Occasionally we see God's work in miraculous ways. The category of miracle where God suspends natural law and does something that has no natural explanation.

And then the last two, we see God's work in judgment and God's work in redemption. God is a worker. He works in creation. He works in controlling and sustaining His universe. He works in providence and miracle. And He works in judgment and He works in redemption. God is a worker. Furthermore, Jesus is a worker. Jesus we would expect being a worker because He is God and He said Himself in John 9:4, "I must work the works of Him who sent Me." In John 4:34 He said it was His food, to do the will of Him who sent Me and to accomplish His work. And in John 5:17 He said, "My Father is working still and I am working."

Jesus Christ is right now doing a redeeming work in the hearts of people across the world. He is doing the work of building His church. He's doing the work of sitting at the right hand of the Father and sustaining His church through His high priestly intercession. He's doing the work of preparing a place for us. He's doing a work of dispatching angels to be ministering spirits to His church. He's doing the work of indwelling and energizing His people. He's doing all these things and will continue until the work of the final redemption of the universe. And even then He will work forever and ever in enterprises divine as will you and I praising and glorifying and serving God for all eternity. You cannot have a low view of work when you understand Jesus is a worker and God is a worker and work is commanded and work is a gift from God.

Now somebody is going to jump in and say, "Now wait a minute. Isn't work a result of the curse?" Well let's go back to Genesis and find out. Don't we work because we were cursed? I mean, if there had never been a Fall, wouldn't we just be playing around in the garden? We wouldn't be working, would we? Well let's find out. Genesis chapter 3 verse 17, "To Adam God said, Because you have listened to the voice of your wife," it's not always a good thing to do, men, that's in the Bible, I mean, I didn't say that..."Because you have listened to the voice of your wife and have eaten from the tree about which I commanded you saying, You shall not eat from it." In other words, because you've sinned, watch this, "Cursed is the ground because of you, so in toil you shall eat of it all the days of your life, both thorns and thistles it shall grow for you and you will eat the plants of the field by the sweat of your face you shall eat bread till you return to the ground." Some would read that and say, "Well, it seems like toil and sweat and work is a result of a cursed earth and so that work is the product of the Fall."

It's not true. Go back to Genesis chapter 2. Genesis chapter 2 verse 15, "Before the Fall the Lord God took the man and put him into the Garden of Eden to cultivate it and keep it." That's work. This is noble work, exalted work, work of a man unstained with sin, work on an earth unstained with sin. Somebody put it this way, God designed man to be a gardener but the Fall made him a farmer. I don't know that that quite says it but that's close. God designed man simply to care for it, to reap its benefits, to harvest it as it were, to enjoy it, to make it flourish. Then the Fall caused thorns and thistles and briars and weeds to make it difficult. The Fall did not invent work, didn't introduce work, it just cursed it. Always man was designed to be a worker because He was made in the image of God. Go back to chapter 1 of Genesis verse 26, "Then God said, Let us make man in our image according to our likeness." Go down to verse 27, "And God created man in His image, in the image of God He created Him, male and female He created them."

Now it's pretty clear there, verse 26 and 27, that we're talking about the image of God. But how is the image of God to be defined? And theologians have debated this since the go, this is an age‑old discussion. But it seems to me that there's a simple answer to this initially. If God says in verse 26 "Let's make man in our image," and in verse 27, "And God made man in His image," what comes between those two things should somehow define that image. And what does it say? "Let them rule over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over the cattle, over all the earth and over every creeping that creeps on the earth."

What is the image of God? What does it mean to be created in the image of God? It means that man is given dominion, authority, rule. He is given the responsibility to care for and to use all the rest of the creation...all of it. It was all there for him to enjoy, to smell and to touch and to eat and to prepare for others. There was work involved in dominion. There was work involved in ruling and tending to all of these creatures.

It's not a kind of work we can understand really because we don't know the kind of work that Adam did then because we don't know what it is to live in an uncursed world, right? But it was nonetheless his job, it says in 2:15 to cultivate, to tend, to care for, to nurture into flourishing the earth. And that the image of God in him was that he would be a worker like God was a worker, just as the trinity is involved in ruling and authority and dominion and tending and caring for this whole creation, man is as well to work in harnessing, as it were, the wonders of all of this creation for his own joy and goodness. So work wasn't initiated by the Fall, it was just cursed. It became a burden, it is now a punishment. Just like women having pain in child bearing, there would have been children prior to the Fall, there would have been children, no question about that, but there wouldn't have been any pain in having them. The Fall didn't introduce child bearing, it just brought the pain into it. And there was work before the Fall, the Fall didn't introduce work, it just brought the pain to it.

But there's still a benefit. Even with the pain a baby is a joy. And even with the pain the product of the work is a joy. Even with the pain the baby can be to the glory of God. Even with the pain the work can be to the glory of God, and it should be. So work neither began nor ceased with the Fall, it just took a different shape. It became a curse rather than unmitigated blessing.

Now follow this. As Christians then we by the power of Christ operating in our lives have the opportunity to elevate work back to its point of dignity. That is why the Apostle Paul wrote to the Ephesians and the Colossians...Ephesians 6, Colossians 3...and said, "In your work, do it unto the Lord and not to men." Remember those two passages we covered last time? Ephesians 6:5 to 9, and then over Colossians chapter 3, do your work as unto the Lord. It is a product, it is a result of a Spirit‑filled life. And the Christian, just like we can bring the dignity back into marriage, can bring dignity back into work. And we can see it for what it is, a gift of God, a means to glorifying God, a means to having value and significance and fulfillment in life, a means to keeping us away from sin, a means to providing our needs and serving mankind. We restore the dignity and the glory, as it were, to work. We take it out of the category of being a drudgery or a mercenary means by which we finance our pleasure. We make work valuable to God and to us and our family and others.

The biblical viewpoint is the viewpoint that we must have. Human work is part of the divine plan for history but only Christians really understand its true glory because we do it as unto the Lord and not unto men. We have to regard work then as a creation mandate, as a component of the image of God, as a natural law invested with inherent dignity. It's just God's way for man. It's our part in the creation and we can do it to His praise.

Look at Psalm 104, I think a refreshing and lovely passage related to our theme, because of the simplicity with which it inserts the priority of work. In Psalm 104 the psalmist is talking about how God takes care of His creation and he sees God initially clothed with splendor and majesty and he sees Him in His heavenly glory. He sees Him establishing heavens and earth, verse 5 He's establishing the earth and he sees the whole flow of creation coming down and you can see it all there, mountains rise up, verse 8, and valleys sink down, and verse 10 springs come into the valley and they flow between the mountains and all the animals are there and they drink the water. And then you see the heavens and the birds and the birds are singing and the earth feels the rain and the grass grows and the vegetation...look at verse 14, how interesting, "He causes the grass to grow for the cattle and vegetation for the pleasure of man." Is that what it says? No. "For the labor of man so that he may bring forth food from the earth." It's just part of the natural course. It is a creation mandate, a natural law that man works to bring out his food. I mean, it would be so simple if there were just, you know, hamburger trees or...in my family, Snicker trees...you just pick your food. It isn't that way. God has made it all and in the whole design man just brings the food out of the ground by his labor. And then he goes on to talk about the fact that man has to provide for his own drink and sustenance through wine and makes his heart glad and provides the food that sustains his heart. Then he talks about the trees and the birds and their nests and the high mountains and the cliffs and...he's just describing how the world operates. He talks in verse 19 about the moon and how it affects the seasons and the sun and its place. He talks about darkness and night and the beasts of the forest prowling and the lions. It's just the normal natural course of life. And then in verse 23 he just slips this in, "Man goes forth to his work and to his labor until evening." It's just like it belongs with all the other instinctive things. I mean, the young lions know how to go after their prey. The beasts know how to prowl, those nocturnal animals that go out at night. And man just goes to his work and his labor until the evening.

"O Lord," verse 24, "how many are Your works? In wisdom You have made them all." I mean, it's just a part of the natural order of things that we work. So work can be redeemed from the curse's effects by the awareness that it's the natural course of things, that it bears God's image and approval, that fulfills God's purpose for the use of His creation and that it is God who calls us to work and it is God who skills us for certain vocations and it is for His glory and our fulfillment and the benefit of others when we work as we ought to work. As believers we are then called to restore the dignity of work, to elevate it to where it ought to be.

Now if you understand that, you can now turn to 2 Thessalonians. And now you'll understand why the Apostle Paul is so concerned about people in this church who won't work. It doesn't make any sense in comparison with what he knows to be the will of God. And so in verses 6 through 15 he addresses this problem of people who won't work. Somebody might say, "Well it seems like a trivial thing to be a Bible issue." It isn't trivial at all if you understand what I've just gone through, it isn't trivial at all. It's part of the image of God, a very significant and central part. It's God's design by which you can glorify Him, by which you can fulfill your own life by which you can benefit those around you by providing the necessary things and by which you can contribute kindly to the circumstance of society. It is a command that must be obeyed. It is a dignified thing that existed even before the Fall and will exist for all eternity as we work throughout the ages and ages to serve our Lord.

But some people in the Thessalonian church missed this. They didn't work and they weren't about to work. When Paul was with them and founded the church, he confronted them and he said you need to work. They didn't listen. When he wrote his first letter back to them, 1 Thessalonians chapter 4 verse 14, he reminded them again because he had heard the word that they weren't working in spite of what he had said and so he reminds them you need to work, you cannot shirk your work. Actually 1 Thessalonians 4:11, "Make it your ambition to lead a quiet life and attend to your own business and work...just as we commanded you."

Now he's had to get tough with these people. You say, "Why?" Because they lived in a Greek world and the Greeks believed that work was demeaning. In fact, they said it was beneath the dignity of a free man. They said it was sorted. It was degrading. To labor was to be enslaved by the physical and they were in a philosophical dualism in their philosophy by which they had come to the belief that mind was...mind or spirit was good and flesh or matter was evil. The physical world then and work must be avoided and so they had developed this slavery where there were millions of slaves doing all of the work and the freemen would engage in art, philosophy, sophistry, politics, anything that was mental and spiritual, the loftiness of art and talk and verbal wisdom, efforts of the mind, only slaves did work.

And this pervasive Greek philosophy had found its way early on into the Thessalonian church because after all, it was part and parcel of their culture. All it would take was a few people in the church who felt strongly about this to sell a few other weaker people on it and it would be a real movement. Maybe there were even some hold overs from Judaism who had found their way into the church or been influenced by Judaism who had been somehow affected by the scribes, you know, who used to say that if you're doing anything less than a life time of contemplation of the law, you've lowered yourself. And maybe there were some who were saying, "Well now that we're Christians and we have the Word of God, maybe we ought to take a scribal perspective and do nothing but study the Bible." And all of this probably got exacerbated because somebody came along and said, "Jesus is coming very soon, you're already in the day of the Lord, the end of the age is near, it's coming very fast." And they reasoned to themselves, "Well, if we're in the end of the age, no sense in going to work, we better use the time to evangelize."

We don't know all of the components but it's not hard to reconstruct something of a scenario like that. And so they were perhaps saying, "Well we need to study the Bible, that's the lofty thing, we need to contemplate God and we need to muse and we need to talk and we need to express ourselves and we need to evangelize. Work? We don't want to do that. It's near the end of the age, the Lord is coming, it's beneath the level of Bible study as an enterprise and furthermore it belongs to slaves and not freemen."

Well the problem with this was not only were they in defiance of a principle which God had built in to the very warp and woof of creation as well as made a law in the Old Testament and dignified in the New, but they were also making themselves deadbeats. They were sponging off the rest of the congregation which wasn't real good for church unity. Very presumptuous. And so Paul writes verses 6 to 15 to address the problem of people who won't work. This is the third time he's had to do it so he's very tough, he's very strong.

Back in the first letter, chapter 5 verse 14, he even said, "Admonish the unruly." The same word being used here meaning those who refused to work, most likely. Those who were the busybodies. So this was a major problem. And now as he writes, he's...he's taking serious action. I would call this third step discipline if I were comparing it to Matthew 18. First you go to them, if they don't listen you go back with two or three witnesses. If you don't listen, you tell the whole church to go after them and call them back from their iniquity. And that's what he's doing here. He's calling the church to take a look at these people, note them and deal with them because they won't work.

As the text flows from verse 6 on, there are six incentives to work...six incentives to work. Six motivations, six compulsions that he lays on these people. One is disfellowship...disfellowship, the threat of being alienated from the church, verse 6, "We command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ that you keep aloof from every brother who leads an unruly life," this, of course, as I noted earlier has to do with not working, "and not according to the tradition which you received from us." We taught you this, you know what you're to do in terms of work. Now you've got people who refuse to work. They lead this unruly life, stay away from them...that is disfellowship. That then becomes the first motivating force on those people who won't work...no worship, no Lord's table, no social contact, and no exception...every brother...every brother, you stay aloof. Now you need to call them away from their sin. Down in verse 15, you need to admonish them, that is to warn them of the way they're going as your Christian brother, but you don't allow them to participate in the normal life of the church, you disfellowship them.

This is really drastic action. But it's a serious sin not to work...a serious sin. It is against the very design of God, the image of God, the course of nature, the creation mandate. It is against the command of the Old Testament. It is against the purpose of God for His displaying glory through you. It is against His design for how you contribute to your necessities and the needs of others. It is a serious issue not to work.

Now listen carefully. He is not talking about people who want to work but can't find work. And I know there are people across the world like that, who would give anything to work but they can't find work and there are some in our church. He is not talking about people who would work but can't physically work because they have an infirmity or a disability and they cannot work. He's talking about people who can work, have opportunity to work, but won't work. And he says these kind of quote/unquote deadbeats, you need to stay away from, admonish them and warn them but don't let them participate in the fellowship of the church. This is serious discipline.

Now we discussed that last time and I won't say anymore. Let's go to the second motivation, the second compulsion and it's all we'll have time for, just a brief one. Verses 7 to 9, the second one is example...the second compulsion is example. "For you yourselves know how you ought to follow our example because we did not act in an undisciplined manner among you, nor did we eat anyone's bread without paying for it, but with labor and hardship we kept working night and day so that we might not be a burden to any of you, not because we do not have the right to this, but in order to offer ourselves as a model for you that you might follow our example."

There you have it, verse 7, verse 9, the word example, in verse 9 the word model. Paul says, "Look, isn't it motivation for you folks that you saw my life and the life of Silvanus or Silas and Timothy when we were with you?" So in verse 7 he says, "You yourselves know how you ought to follow our example. We have set the pattern." The word "follow," mimestes from which we get mimic...mimic, imitate. Paul had set an example, a pattern in his own life and he wanted it to be the pattern they would follow.

Now listen carefully. Paul did not always forego receiving money or food. There were many times when Paul's needs were met, when people gave him money, when people provided for his sustenance. And there were many occasions when he received kindnesses like that. But there was a big issue here in Thessalonica and it must have been the same thing in Corinth because there he did the same thing. And there were times in his ministry when he refused to receive anything gratis but he insisted on working. It wasn't that he didn't deserve it, he says that in verse 9. He had a right to it. But it was that he was trying to dignify work. He didn't want anyone saying, "Well after all, all Paul does is preach and teach and study, he doesn't work."

So in order to waylay such criticism here in Thessalonica, when he was there he worked. Now, of course, there was nobody there to support him when he arrived anyway because there was no church. But he set an example. According to Acts 18 he made tents, or literally was a leather worker. He worked with hides. He had a task that he knew how to do. He had a trade that he was skilled in. And so he said, "Look, I gave you an example. I didn't want you to be confused about it, it was a big issue so I set an example for you and I want you to look back and remember that example and follow that example because we didn't act in an undisciplined, unruly manner among you. When we were there in your midst we were not busybodies, we were not sponging off people." Verse 8, "Nor did we eat anyone's bread without paying for it." What a statement.

The word "undisciplined" there means out of line. He's referring to loafers and idlers. We never marched out of step. We never disobeyed our orders from God. We were never unruly and out of line and you know that. You know what we did in front of you. You've seen our life. This is the heart of his leadership. He's saying just follow the pattern we set, just follow the model, the example.

And specifically what do you mean, Paul? Verse 8, "We did not eat anyone's bread without paying for it." To eat bread is a Hebrew expression for food and drink, daily sustenance. They stayed, according to Acts 17:7, most likely in the house of a man named Jason. Maybe he gave them lodging there free, they would have a place on the floor where they could roll out their little mat and lie down. But they didn't eat at his expense. They paid for their food. Paying for their food meant that they had to work and they had to earn their own money to pay for their own food.

Paul wrote to the Corinthians in 2 Corinthians 11:7 and said, "I preach to you the gospel without charge." There were occasions in his life when he chose to do this. And as I said, he doesn't mean he never received kindness or never received money, we know he did. But there were times when he chose not to take that because there was a greater issue at stake, so he says we never ate anything without paying for it. Verse 8, "But we labor, kopos, to the point of sweat and exhaustion and literally mochthos, struggle, we kept working night and day." What an unbelievable task. He's teaching the Bible all the time, he's working, he's got to do this all and carry on his own sustenance and the sustenance of people with him and found a church and it's a night and day operation and we did it so that we might not be a burden to any of you.

So he introduces the thought there...we don't want to be a burden. We didn't want you to have to support us. We didn't want you to have to give the meager amount that you might have. We toil, he said in 1 Corinthians 4:12, working with our hands. In Acts 20 he said I covet no man's silver or gold or clothing. He didn't want anything from anybody. He was willing to work and in this case it was crucial. He said we didn't want to be a burden to you, but even more than that...look at verse 9...not because we don't have the right to this, but in order to offer ourselves as a model for you that you might follow our example. He knew the whole issue was a big issue and he wanted to work to set a right example to people who had wrong view of work.

Please note verse 9, "Not because we do not have the right to this," the truth is he had a right to being supported, he absolutely did. As an Apostle and a preacher, he was really entitled to full support. I'm not going to say this in a self‑serving way, I hope you know that, but this is what the Scripture says. God has ordained that those who serve Him, who labor in the Word and doctrine, 1 Timothy 5:17, be worthy of double pay. Pay the one who ministers. In Galatians the Apostle Paul says it as clearly as he could, chapter 6 verse 6, "Let the one who is taught the Word share all good things with him who teaches." If you're being taught, then you need to give and share what you have with the one who is your teacher. So as an Apostle and a preacher, he had a right to full support.

Look at 1 Corinthians 9 and we'll kind of wrap it up with that text for this morning. First Corinthians chapter 9 is just a fascinating section. And he starts out with a kind of questioning rhetorically, "Am I not free?" Of course you are. "Am I not an Apostle?" Of course you are. "Have I not seen Jesus our Lord?" Of course you have. "Are not you my work in the Lord?" Of course we are, they all, you know, imply a yes answer. Well if all of this is true, let me talk about an issue specifically. Verse 4, "Do we not have a right to eat and drink?" Well of course you do. "Do we not have a right to take along a believing wife, be married?" Of course you do, just like the rest of the Apostles and the brothers of the Lord and even Cephas, or Peter. You can be married. "Or do only Barnabas and I not have a right to refrain from working?" Well no, anybody who is in ministry does. You have a right not to work. You have a right to refrain from working, anyone who serves God, anyone who gives his life in preaching and teaching as an apostle or a preacher has the right to refrain from doing work in order to give his whole life to that, yes, you have a right to that.

In verse 7 he says, "Who at any time serves as a soldier at his own expense?" The answer is nobody, nobody serves as a soldier at his own expense, the government pays him. "Who plants a vineyard and doesn't eat the fruit of it?" Nobody, if you're going to plant the vineyard it's so that you can have the benefit. "Who tends a flock and doesn't use the milk of the flock?" No one.

"Now I'm not speaking these things according to human judgment, am I? Doesn't the law also say these things? Doesn't God also say this? Isn't it written in the law of Moses, you shall not muzzle the ox while he's threshing?" That's proverbial way of saying feed the one who serves. God isn't really just concerned about oxen, is He? No, He's concerned about men. When someone serves, meet his needs. Or is he speaking all together for our sake? Yes, for our sake it was written because the plowmen ought to plow in hope and the thresher to thresh in hope of sharing the crop. I mean, we pour our life into you and we minister and we teach and we nurture you and we expect in hope to be supported. Verse 11, "If we sowed spiritual things in you, is it too much if we should reap material things from you? If others share the right over you, do we not more? Nevertheless, we didn't use this right." Isn't that interesting? All of this to say I have the right and then he says, "But we didn't use it, we voluntarily forego that right in your case so that we may not cause a hindrance to the gospel."

Verse 14 sums it up. "The Lord directed that those who proclaimed the gospel get their living from the gospel, but I have used none of these things. I have a right, I just don't choose to use it in your case because there's another issue at stake. I don't want people accusing me of being in it for the money, and in the case of the Thessalonians, I want to set an example to you of a proper view of work." Can you imagine what a model this was? Here were some of these Thessalonians saying, "If you're really spiritual, if you're really a free man, then you do the lofty things." Here comes the Apostle Paul, the brightest intellectual of all of them, the spiritual man of all spiritual men, the godliest man, the wisest man, erudite, educated, philosopher par excellence, theologian without peer, the man with the most acute mind, the greatest sense of reality and what does he do? He makes tents...puts them to shame.

First compulsion, disfellowship...second compulsion, example. Save the rest for next time.

Father, we thank You this morning for Your Word to us and what a reminder it is of the wonderful responsibilities that You give us in our work to glorify You. May we see it as You see it. And may we work gladly as a part of a creation mandate, and more than that, a recreation mandate as Christians doing everything we do not to please men but to please the Lord Jesus Christ, doing what we do is a way to glorify You to put our skills on display, the things You've given us by Your creative power, doing what we do as a way to fulfill our life and benefit our family and the world around us, doing what we do as a means of keeping us apart from idleness which leads to sin. Give us back the dignity of work, give us back the honor of that creative intention when You put man in the garden to cultivate and till it and to rule it. May we work six days and may the fruit of our labor be pleasing to You that we might enjoy the rest of days like this for Christ's sake. Amen.

Work: A Noble Christian Duty, Part 3

Well it's time to turn again in the Word of God to 2 Thessalonians chapter 3, looking at verses 6 through 15, under the title, "Work: A Christian Duty." It fascinates me how practical the Apostle Paul is. Here is a brief epistle of only three chapters. Up until chapter 3 and verse 5 it is lofty, it deals with the Lord Jesus Christ coming in righteous judgment and flaming fire revealed from heaven with His mighty angels. It deals with eternal retribution, eternal destruction. It deals with the coming of Christ to be glorified in His saints. It talks about the Rapture of the church, the gathering together. It talks about the day of the Lord, the career of Antichrist and how his career will be broken. It talks about the gospel. It talks about sanctification. So many lofty grandiose theological truths.

And then it comes squarely down to earth in verses 6 to 15 and it talks about work, how practical. That was Paul. No matter how elevated his theology became, it never left the ground. It never so elevated a man that he no longer had a responsibility in the routine of life. And it so happened in the Thessalonian church that there were Christians in the congregation who refused to do their job, to work, to earn a living. As we have said in the past studies here, this is our third, they perhaps have been influenced by some of the Jewish background of the scribes who thought that anything other than studying the law was an unworthy way to spend your life. They surely were effected by the general Greek attitude that work was demeaning and sordidand base and low and belonged only to slaves and not to freemen.

And they probably had had those predispositions somewhat exaggerated by virtue of the fact that someone had come along and told them that they were already in the day of the Lord and the return of Christ was imminent and there probably wasn't much use in doing anything other than evangelizing and studying the Word of God. And so they had given themselves to that happily because of their disdain for work anyway. The problem was at least long term, if you can call several months long term for the Thessalonians in that Paul had dealt with it when he was there. Several months later when he wrote them the first letter he dealt with it, and here he is writing a second letter and dealing with it a third time. They didn't want to work. It was beneath them.

Homer, the Greek famous Greek writer had said that the gods hated man. And the way they demonstrated their hatred was to invent work and punish men by making them work. This kind of philosophy being existent in that time, it found its way into the lives of those people and thus when they became converted it found its way into the church. Becoming a Christian doesn't change everything immediately. We will always have residuals of our past and we will always to one degree or another be effected by our culture. And so here in this church in which so many good things had happened, a genuine conversion, a genuine godliness, they were not slack in spiritual service, they had a work of faith and a labor of love and they did it with patience and endurance because they hoped in the return of Christ. They worked hard at ministry but they didn't want to do the jobs that they had to do in the world, at least some of them. And so Paul was dealing with a church that had its spiritual life on target and was doing well, excelling spiritually, but they had this one problem that dominates the church in terms of its conduct and that was that there were people there who didn't work. They then became a burden on everybody else and it wasn't that they couldn't work, it wasn't that they had a physical disability, it wasn't that there wasn't a job available, they refused to work seeing it is beneath them or not a priority for those engaged in kingdom enterprises.

I suppose 25 years ago a situation like this would have struggled to be relevant in our time then because America was a hard‑working country 25 years ago. In fact, the American work ethic has always been hailed as sort of the supreme work ethic of the industrialized world. We have always sort of set the pace for productivity and enterprise up until more recent years, that is. Last year Charles Colson and Jack Eckard(?) who heads the Eckard Company which operates drug stores in other parts of America, they wrote a book and the title of their book is, Why America Doesn't Work. Now that's really a new thought, a new concept for our culture, for our society. The subtitle is, "How the decline of the work ethic is hurting your family and future." The future of America is changing dramatically. There are other nations that are putting us to shame in terms of work habits and a work ethic.

In their book they point out that we have in America declining rates of productivity, the loss of competitive position in some world markets and workers who aren't working. And they concluded is a bleak picture. And I suppose they ask the right question, the question we would all ask at that point, what has happened to the industry and productivity that made this country the marvel of the world at one time?

I think since the beginning of our nation America in terms of its social and economic perspective has always exalted thrift and industry and diligence and perseverance and summed it all up to be hard work. And these were the qualities that have been cultivated and respected in society. Look at your parents. Look back to your grandparents and see how their life was and how they lived their life and what their priorities were and you will see they're very different than the priorities of people today...very different approach to life. America's drive to work hard and America's drive to work well was more than simply good business. It wasn't really driven by materialism. It was rooted in a religious commitment, whether you're talking about European Protestants or European Catholics or whether you're talking about Jewish immigrants. They all had a strong religious belief, they all had a strong belief in God. And they all believed that their work somehow mattered to God, that God was watching them and there was a certain accountability about that.

What I'm saying is a religious society no matter what the form of that religion might be if it has a high level of accountability to God to whatever God it is that they believe in has a determination on how people work. But now God is not a factor in our society and our culture. We have rejected God. We have rejected the Lord Jesus Christ. We have rejected the Bible. We have rejected not only the gospel in the Scriptures but we've rejected basically the morality of the Scripture, the general societal morality of Scripture is gone. Moral values don't mean anything today. Biblical moral values are the enemy today. We have gone through a revolution, a moral revolution, a sexual revolution that has affected our work ethics. We have an ethical malaise all the way from the jet set corporate leaders down to the person working at the bench. The whole concept of work has so dramatically changed it no longer has a transcendent motive. There's no longer something beyond me to make me perform at a certain level. Thus the meaning of work has been sapped from everybody from the top to the bottom, to some degree. Obviously some people still work harder than others.

A 1980 Gallup Poll conducted for the Chamber of Commerce found that people still believed in work‑ethic values...1980. They still believed. That's over ten years ago. Eighty‑eight percent said working hard and doing their best on the job was personally important. But were they doing it? They said they believed it, it was still sort of in the air in 1980 but were people working hard? Nineteen eighty‑two survey came along, in that survey was reported that only 16 percent said they were doing the best job they could at work, 84 percent admitted they weren't working hard, 84 percent. So you can see they were still holding on to a residual ethic that didn't translate into how they functioned which meant that it was somebody else's transcendent value, somebody else's ethical value imposed on them externally but not truly believed. Working hard they said was important but they weren't doing it...so how important was it? Eighty‑four percent also said they would work harder if they could gain something from it. And now you can see that the ethic is not transcendent, the ethic is utilitarian. It's all tied in to what I get out of it, what's in it for me. And that's part of the cynicism of our society. That's part of the direct consequence of the sixties moral revolution which is a rejection of transcendent values.

God is not an issue in anything. He is not an issue in the way I conduct my sexual life. He is not an issue in my marriage. He is not an issue at my job. He is not an issue in education. He is not an issue anywhere. God is not an issue therefore there is no value beyond myself. So whatever is enough to get me what I want is enough. It is a kind of societal economic atheism. In fact, psychologist Robert Bella(?) calls it radical individualism. Surveying 200 middle class Americans, this UCLA professor discovered that people seek personal advancement from work, personal development from marriage and personal fulfillment from church. Everything, he says, their perspective on family, church, community and work is utilitarian, it is measured by what they can get out of it and concern for others is only secondary.

Down to specifics, James Shehee(?) an executive with a computer firm in the upper echelons of the work strata saw first hand how this kind of utilitarian value was affecting work. He wanted a better understanding of the expectations and psyche of younger employees, looking at what the future held, what kind of people were going to come up in this generation to work in his company, what would they be like. So he decided the best way to find out was to spend his vacation taking a job in a fast food restaurant. He wrote most of his co‑workers were from upper income families, they didn't need to work but they wanted extra spending money. He watched and listened as his co‑workers displayed poor work habits and contempt for customers. His conclusion was, "We have a new generation of workers whose habits and experiences will plague future employers for years." He writes, "Along with their get‑away‑with‑what‑you‑can attitude and indifference to the quality of performance, their basic work ethic was dominated by a type of gamesmanship that revolved around taking out of the system or milking the place dry. Theft, skimming and baiting management were rampant and skill levels surprisingly low. The workers saw long hours and hard work as counter‑productive. `You only put in time for the big score,' one said." After recounting his experience, Shehee concluded, "Get ready, America, there's more of this to come from the work force of tomorrow."

It doesn't sound too good if you happen to be an employer, does it? A recent Harris Poll showed 63 percent of workers believed people don't work as hard as they used to. Seventy‑eight percent say workers take less pride in their work. Sixty‑ nine percent think the workmanship they produce is inferior. And 73 percent believe workers are less motivated and that the whole trend is worsening and the numbers are going up.

Now our society may not have a choice but they have to accept this...but as Christians we can't accept this. The Christian faith does not accept a utilitarian work ethic. The Christian view of work is transcendent. That is, it escapes me and my world and directs its attention toward God.

Last week I showed you the transcendence of the Christian work ethic by giving you just a few points of which I now remind you. First, work is a command from God. Six days shall you labor. God commands us to work. Secondly, work is a model established by God for it was God who worked for six days and then rested on the seventh and God, of course, is the worker who continually sustains the universe. Man being created in the image of God then is created as a worker. Thirdly, work is a part of the creation mandate. In other words, what I mean by that is it is the role of man. Stars shine, suns shine, moons shine, on the earth plants grow, animals do what they're supposed to do, rocks do what they're to do, mountains do what they're to do, water does what it's to do, clouds do what they're to do and we do what we're to do. As Psalm 104 says, "All of creation moves in a normal course and part of it is man rises, goes to work until the setting of the sun." It is creation mandate, it is how we contribute to the processes of life in God's wondrous creation.

Work is a command. Work is established as a model by God. Work is part of the natural creation. Fourthly, work is a gift from God. It is a gift from God. It is a gift through which we glorify Him and the wonder of His creation as we produce things, putting on display the genius of God who created us in all of our abilities. It is a means by which we can glorify our creator. Just as the beast of the field gives me honor, as Isaiah said, and just as the heavens declare the glory of God by what they do and we sit in awe of them, so man declares the glory of God, the wonder of His creative genius by doing what he has been given the ability to do. Work is a gift from God not only to glorify Him but to give meaning to life. Work is a gift from God to give us something to do which avoids the idleness that leads to sin. And I'll tell you right now, the culture that we're living in is a classic illustration. The more and more people demand recreation and idle time, the more corrupt they will become. The two go hand in hand. An escalating pornographic sinful wicked culture is sped on, the slide is greased by a shrinking commitment to work. And we fill up all that time with things that feed the lust of the eyes, the lust of the flesh, and the pride of life. Work is a gift from God also to provide for needs. Work is a gift from God so that we can serve each other. And lastly, in the Christian work ethic, work is to be done as if the boss was the Lord Himself. It says in Colossians chapter 3 and Ephesians 6 that we're to work as unto the Lord and not men.

So the Christian faith does not sanctify the kind of attitude we're seeing in our own country toward work. In fact, as I said, 25 years ago this message may have seemed a bit obscure when America was working productively. Now it seems to be rather on target for we are suffering today with some of the things that Paul faced in the Thessalonian church. But as Christians, we have to establish the standard.

One of the most wonderful things that we're learning from the Commonwealth of Independence States, the former Soviet Union, is that the Christians there are setting a model for work. Seventy‑five years of atheism in the former Iron Curtain countries have produced a non‑working population. They don't have any reason to work. There is no God to please. There is no transcendent ethic and there is nothing to be gained from work because you can't increase what you get anyway, it's all doled out by the government. The combination of an atheistic mentality and no personal benefit has stripped them of any motivation whatsoever. But now as these countries emerge from the bars, as it were, of their prison, they are recognizing that the people who work and who know how to work and work diligently are Christians and the government is setting up Christians as the model. Its even been put in print over there, "Watch Christians, they know how to work. They have a transcendent ethic."

Now Paul faces this in Thessalonica, this...this group of people whoever they are and I'm sure he knows them probably by name but doesn't mention them, who won't work. And they're not just accepting it for themselves, they apparently there...they're very evangelistic about it. I mean, they're selling it. And they're a problem. And so here at the end of this great chapter which is really the close of a great book dealing with grandiose theological concepts, he puts his feet squarely on the earth and says, "Let's talk about work. It's not the time to put your pajamas on and sit on the roof and wait for the coming of Christ, it's not the time to be indolent or indifferent toward what it is that God has skilled and gifted you to do in your vocation, it's time to go to work." And he gives them six motivations, six reasons, six incentives.

Just to review the two we've looked at...the first one is disfellowship in verse 6. "We command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ that you keep aloof from every brother who leads an unruly life and not according to the tradition which you received from us." What he's saying there is you need to alienate yourself from them. The first thing that's going to stimulate them to work is that they're going to get cut off from fellowship. That's what he says. Keep aloof is the key word there, stay away. I don't know what your translation might say, the idea is alienate them, stay away from them, make them know there is a price for their indolence and their laziness and the price is they lose fellowship. As I noted before, this is step three of the Matthew 18 discipline process. You've gone to them once, you've gone to them twice, and now you're basically saying to them...you no longer can participate, we're saying to you stay away until you get your spiritual focus right. And so, disfellowship, the pain of alienation, you can't be a part of the society of Christians, you can't be there for worship, you can't be at the Lord's table or the love feast, you can't be alongside in mutual ministry, you can't be there to use your gift, to teach, to learn, to share. Cut them off, stay away, make them feel the pain of isolation if they're going to continue in the sin.

Second, the second motivating principle, example. In verses 7 to 9 he says, "You yourselves know how you ought to follow our example because we didn't act in an undisciplined manner among you," that is we didn't forego work, undisciplined means they never went to work. They were unruly, they were scattered around. They never brought their life in to line and worked. He says we didn't do that. "We didn't eat anyone's bread without paying for it, but rather with labor and hardship we kept working night and day." You remember Acts 18:3 says he was a tent maker. working with leather and he had to set up his business even in the few weeks he was in Thessalonica and he had to work and sell it so that he could get a living from it. He had to literally set up an enterprise. And we did it night and day so that we might not be a burden to any of you. Not because we do not have the right. He did have the right. First Corinthians 9, I showed you last time, those that preach the gospel should live of the gospel. What does that mean? If you preach the gospel you should get your living from it. First Timothy 5, "Those who labor in the Word and doctrine are worthy of double pay." Galatians 6, "The one who is taught shares with the one who teaches." He had a right to it but he said we didn't use the right in order to offer ourselves as a model for you that you might follow our example, end of verse 9.

He says, "Look, once I saw the condition there we said we're going to just work because we need to set an example here." They needed to be a model to change the cultural perspective that work was sordidand demeaning and only for slaves. Paul says I had a right to be supported and the fledgling church didn't have much but maybe they could have helped a little but he said no, I want to show you how you need to work. Here was the most elevated man they had ever met. The philosopher beyond all philosophers, the true theologian, the greatest teacher they had ever known, the godliest man they had ever met, the paragon of Christian virtue, the highest of the high, Paul, and yet he stoops to work with his hands and do his business and acquire his hides and sew them together and market them somehow. And he does his work because he wants them to know that work is honorable and God‑honoring and God‑glorifying...a lesson they desperately needed. In spite of all of that modeling that he had done of the price he had to pay working night and day, they still didn't obey it. They were still being lazy. So he says the second motivation they should have is our example.

Let's go to the third one. The third one is very straight forward in verse 10, "For even when we were with you we used to give you this order." Now let me stop there for a moment. He's hearking back now to one of the things he had been teaching them, "When we were with you, back when we were there for the three Sabbaths and the two week in between period and then the following weeks that we stayed to get the church rolling, just a brief period of months at the most, when we were with you, we used to give you this order." In other words, we repeated it. We didn't give it once, it was a matter of course, we told you this all the time. And here it is, "If anyone won't work, don't let him eat." That's it. If anyone will not work, neither let him eat. That's an axiom, that's a maxim, that was a Pauline tradition. That was a divine authoritative revealed truth. If you don't work, you don't eat.

Ignorance was not their problem. They knew this. He had told it to them over and over. Wrote about it in the first letter, chapter 4 verse 11, chapter 5 verse 14. They didn't have a problem of ignorance. Secondly, they did not have a problem of inability. They could work. He's not talking about people who can't work. And neither did they have a problem of opportunity. They did have the opportunity to work. They had information. They had capability. And they had opportunity. And when you have that and you don't work, you don't eat. That's it. That's the Christian view. If someone won't work, let him go hungry.

You say, "But...but...but if he goes hungry he'll die." That's right. And he knows that better than you. And people who are about to die if there's food available will eat and if they have to work, they'll work to get it. You've read some of the stories about what people eat when they're starving to death. Some unthinkable, unimaginable things that they eat. I even heard recently about some course in which they are giving information to the homeless of their local area and what times of the day the restaurants put their garbage in the dumpsters so they can get it while it's fresh and how to sort it out to pick the best. There's even some kind of a little thing on how to get down into a dumpster and out the easiest way. Now you say, "Well it's too bad people have to eat that way." Well I would venture to say that the majority of them don't have to eat that way, they choose to eat that way, but ultimately they'll eat because they're not just going to die. If society provides a means for them to eat even that way rather than to work, they'll take that route some of them.

We make such an issue out of the homeless. I don't want to be indifferent to people who are genuinely in distress, and there are people like that, but I just remind you that somewhere between 90 and 95 percent of them are alcoholics, we used to call them bums. We cannot exalt that life style and you cannot continually feed people who will not work. There's got to be a balance. You may be able to...you may have to give them more than their work earns, but if they're willing to work then they eat.

Certainly this is true of Christians. I'm waiting to see the First Church of the Homeless, I haven't seen anybody who has come up with that new religion, but if they do they're going to have to deal with 2 Thessalonians chapter 3 because it certainly applies on the general basis as just a divine principle...if you don't work you can't eat. In fact, the Apostle Paul said if anybody doesn't provide not only for himself but his family, he's worth...worse than an unbeliever because even unbelievers do that. What he was saying was even unbelievers work, make provision for their own.

It is an aberrant unbeliever that doesn't work. The tragedy of those people, the real tragedy is that they are so deep in sin and so deep particularly in the sin of drunkenness and irresponsibility and immorality that they have put themselves in the position they're in. And I again say I'm not talking about people who are genuinely in despair, and I've seen those people all around the world. But there is a mass of people who shouldn't eat because they will not work.

We see them here at the church. They come by and they want money and they want food. And we suggest work and they leave. I was told today by one of the gentlemen in our church, serves with the police department, that they will hold a sign, they've tracked them, they will hold a sign, "I need work, homeless need work," and in recently in one of the shopping centers just a couple of days ago they were tracking to find out what was going on. None of them got jobs but they were averaging $15 an hour in donations. One policeman told me he went by an offered a lady a sandwich purchased at a fast food place and she said, "What's this?"

And he said, "Well it says homeless and hungry, so I'm just giving you this to eat." She put it in a bag and he said to her, "Well aren't you hungry?"

She said, "I'll eat it when I get HOME."

So...you need to be careful about that. Sometimes the car is parked around the block and the stash is growing in the back of the car. Just have to be careful because there are people who don't work because they won't work, not because they can't work. And if you don't work and won't work, then you don't eat. That's what the Bible says. There needs to be an opportunity for you to earn your own food and you need to take that opportunity. And again I want to say this, it may be that in some cultures there is not enough work to go around and that a person couldn't do enough work to really make the whole living. Then in generosity and charity and love we make up the lack, but we don't feed the indolence.

Jesus, you'll remember, in John chapter 6 fed the multitude and it was a large crowd. We talk about feeding the 5,000 but it says 5,000 men, so wherever there are 5,000 men there have to be 5,000 women at least and throw in a few thousand mother‑in‑laws and grandmas, sisters and aunts and throw in 15,000 kids at least and you've got a crowd somewhere between 20 and 50 thousand. It could have been a massive crowd and Jesus fed them all. You remember He had those five little cakes, five loaves, they're actually little barley cakes and two pickled fish and He just created food. And I'll promise you, it was the best lunch they had ever had because it bypassed the world. The barley...barley cakes never came from barley that grew in the ground so they were never touched by the curse. I don't know what an uncursed piece of cake tastes like. Just plain cursed cake tastes pretty good. Uncursed cake would be beyond, you know, imagination. And I don't know what an uncursed pickled fish tastes like either. The fish that never came from any mom and daddy fish, a fish that just got instantly created out of the hands of Jesus would be something like a pre‑Fall fish and so I don't know what pre‑Fall fish and pre‑cursed cake tastes like, but, man, they had some feast that day.

In fact, it was so good that the next morning they all showed up for breakfast. You remember the next morning they were all on the hill again and they wanted breakfast and Jesus said no and He left. Now do you realize when He said no to breakfast, I really believe that theirangerwas turned on Him because in an agrarian society like that they had to work with the sweat of their brow to produce their own food. They didn't go down to some market and flip out food stamps or a check or a credit card or whatever it is, they didn't go to a fast food restaurant. If they didn't work that day, they didn't have the food to eat. And not only a matter of preparation, but a matter of provision. And so when Jesus...when they saw Jesus make food, they thought they had just found the Messiah who would bring the ultimate and eternal welfare state. We don't even need food stamps, just show up and He passes it out. And you don't even have to get in line to collect it, they serve it. And when time for breakfast came, they were there and he left and I think their anger and hostility turned on Him because they knew then what He could do, but He refused to do it. He could have done it for us as well, but He knows the value and the benefit and the purpose of work.

So here were these Thessalonians and they wouldn't work. And so he says if they don't work, don't let them eat. That will help them get the message. That's survival.

There's a fourth principle that he uses to motivate them, we'll call it harmony...we'll call it harmony. And it comes in verse 11 and following, "For we hear..." and we don't know how he heard, so there's no sense in speculating, I mean, it could have been Timothy coming back with a report, it could have been some people on the road from Thessalonica to Corinth. The Christian communication which we call the "gracevine," we don't know how, we don't know how it came but it came. He says, "We hear that some among you...and it must have been a fairly good group...some are leading an undisciplined life." There's that same term used back in verse 6 and over in 1 Thessalonians 5:14 translated unruly. They just...they were undisciplined, they didn't have their life together. They were not working. "We hear that they're leading an undisciplined life...here's it definition...doing no work at all, but acting like busybodies." Literally in the Greek it says...it's a play on words actually, it says, "Not busy but busybodies." They are not busy, they are busybodies. It uses the word erga from which we get ergo which has to do with energy, even talking about ergs which is a component of energy. They were not ergazomenous they were periergazomenous, which means they were all over the place. Peri, around, use it for the periphery of something. They were just moving around all over the place to no particular good. They had nothing to do. They just wandered around interfering in the lives of others, meddling, probably trying to get other Christians to stop working, telling them Jesus was coming, they're in the day of the Lord, work is beneath us, whatever their message was. They were an irritant. They were creating disunity and discord. People were getting tired of these deadbeats. They'd show up on Sunday and they'd say, "Oh‑oh, let's get out of here, here he comes...he's going to want food, he's going to want some money." And it was beginning to affect the loving harmony and the effective witness of the community of faith.

With no job to do they were taxing others, and they were making the ones they taxed resent them...and they were fiddling in people's lives. It's reminiscent of those in 1 Timothy 5:13 that the Apostle Paul talks about those young women who are widowed. He says they learn to be idle, they go around from house to house, not merely idle but also gossips and busybodies talking about things not proper to mention. Therefore I want younger widows to get married. When a young girl is widowed, she's still young, she's got nothing to occupy herself, she needs to get married because she doesn't need to just be flitting around gossiping, involving herself in things she shouldn't be involved in, talking about things she shouldn't be talking about and falling into the sins of idleness.

Well that's what these people were doing. The definition of what happens when you've got nothing to do in 1 Timothy 5:13 fits these people. They were just busybodies, you know what that means, it's a very graphic term. So Paul reiterates in verse 12, "Such persons now we command...that's very strong...and exhort...that's more compassionate, parakaleo, the paraklete, the comforter. So it's both commanding and comforting, it's a command with some warmth in it. We command and exhort in the Lord Jesus Christ, that is those of you who are in Christ, within the family of God, the idea being emphasized here "in Christ." Some versions have "in the name of Christ," but that doesn't appear in the older manuscripts. It's best to see the idea emphasizing our unity in Him because of the importance of our unity, because we all belong to Christ, we command and we exhort not only in His name but in the unity of Christ those people to work in quiet fashion and eat their own bread. Settle down, he says. That's what work and quiet fashion means. Stop running around meddling, moving uselessly, go to work. Begin an ordered life of quiet consistent work.

Now this is really amazing to me because you would think on the one hand that if Jesus was coming, if you really believed He was coming and if the end of the world was near, people were on the edge of damnation and judgment, and since we believe the Bible is the absolute priority and the most wonderful thing you can do to occupy your time, you would think the Apostle would say, "I certainly want to commend you for just saying no to work, I just want to commend you for pouring your life in to ministry. I just want to commend you for studying Scripture. I want to commend you for not wasting your time in some job. I just want to commend you for being out there zealous and proclaiming Christ and studying Scripture because that's really what you ought to do with all your time and energy." But he doesn't say that. He says go to work, shut your mouth and do your work. I don't even think he sees the job as an evangelistic field particularly. I think what you have to say on the job by how you work is the platform on which your individual witness will begin to have some credibility. He just says quietly get your life in line and go to work.

And somebody is going to say, "But it's not as spiritual." It is. It's a command. It's a way to glorify God. It's why you were placed where you were placed in the flow of the creative mandate. It's all a part of God's plan and it will effect your witness, believe me. It also makes for unity in the church which effects the church's corporate witness. Just keep your mouth shut and go to work. Calm down, settle down. Get some discipline in your life. Be productive. You don't need idle time and you don't need to be doing these kinds of enterprises which assume you don't need to work, God says work. That's all part of the very very basic command of God for us. Why? So you can earn the bread you eat and you won't be a burden to the community and you won't be a burden to the church.

Let me warn you, folks. There are people who...who are still running around saying, "You know, I need to be in the ministry, I need to be studying the Bible all the time, or I need to be preaching or evangelizing all the time, or I need to be a missionary." And they're maybe ungifted, unauthorized, unordained, unassociated, unaccountable, but they're getting support from people. Be very careful of that because it may well be that they just don't want to work and the greatest ministry they might have is effectively working.

You say, "What about evangelism?" You be a good worker where you are, believe me, the Lord will bring the people across your path He wants to come and you'll have the opportunity to share why it is that you live the life you live and the way you live it.

Then verse 13 there's a word to the rest of the folks, it's obvious, I think, if you think about it. When I first read it I thought...well what does this have to do with anything...and then as I thought I saw it. "But as for you, brethren," that's the rest, those of you that are working, those of you that are having to pay for these people, having to pass out your money and give them food, "the rest of you, brethren, do not grow weary of doing good." You see, the potential was they were become so tired of these deadbeats, they become so fed up with giving this money and this charity to these lazy people that they would become very weary of the whole process and then when somebody came with a real need they would be indifferent to it. So he's saying, "Look, don't you grow weary of doing what is really good." The assumption is they were weary of taking care of these people who should have been taking care of themselves and he says don't let your weariness translate over to weariness in doing what you really should do. Doing what is good, kalos is the term that's attached to the verb there, it means what is perceived by others to be noble, so says Milligan in his lexicon. What is perceived to be noble, do what is noble.

And you go back to the Psalms and you're going to find out over and over again that we're to take care of the poor and that when you take care of the poor, God will bless you. Go back to Proverbs, you're going to find the same thing. Go back to Isaiah, go to Luke chapter 14 verses 12 to 14, and what does Jesus say? When you have a dinner, when you have a reception, don't invite the wealthy people who are going to reciprocate, invite the blind and the lame and the halt and the maimed and the poor who can never pay you back and God will pay you back in eternity in the resurrection. Take care of the poor.

In Acts chapter 20 and verse 35 the Apostle Paul says you saw me work and labor and I showed you how that you ought to do that in order to give to people who have need based on what our Lord said...it is more blessed to give than receive. And even in the letter to the Galatians chapter 2 and verse 10 he says they only asked us to remember the poor, the very thing I also was eager to do. Who asked him? The church at Jerusalem, the leaders there, John, Peter, James, Barnabas. We remember the poor. Paul went around collecting an offering for the poor, the really poor, the truly poor who want to work and maybe work a little but can't earn enough. You've still got to make up what they can't earn if they're willing to work. There are still going to be people that can't make up enough.

There are people in our community, there are people in our church who try hard. Their skill level keeps them at a low income level and they can't support their family maybe in all the areas they need to and we help them. There may be single parents who do everything they can, who try hard and they work as hard as they can but they still come up short. There may be people who have physical disabilities and consequently they have needs. And I applaud that our society will meet those needs. That's a right thing to do and certainly it's a right thing for Christians to do.

So he says don't you get weary in doing what is really good for people who genuinely have need. And that's a very important balancing point. Now these things will keep our harmony together, our unity together. All this discord that's coming into the church, people are so weary of these people, they're so sick of them that they want to...the tendency is to stop doing good to people who really have need. You can see it was fracturing the fellowship and discord and animosity was coming in. He says you people go to work on the one hand and the rest of you who can supply the lack for those who genuinely have need, you do that and that will keep the harmony of the church. Maintain the unity and that's essential to the testimony.

Fifthly, shame. Not only does disfellowship, example, survival and harmony constitute a motive for going to work, but shame. Look at verse 14. "If anyone doesn't obey our instruction in this letter, take special note of that man and do not associate with him so that he may be put to shame."

If anybody doesn't obey the instruction in this letter, I'm tell you, they are really obstinate. He said it over and over again when he was there. He wrote it a couple of times in the first letter. He's now saying it again and if these people don't obey this instruction, you take special note of that man. Mark him out. Give him serious attention. Keep on noticing that person. Keep your eye on that person for the purpose of not associating with him. Watch him so that you can avoid him. Stay away from him. Withdraw your fellowship. A double compound verb meaning do not get mixed up with...put the pressure of isolation. Only this time you're pushing him further. This continues to be that third step of discipline where you're isolating him but your isolation is keeping him at a distance. You take note, you watch the pattern and you avoid the man in order that he may be put to shame.

Now you've gone beyond just his isolation, you're trying to make him feel shame. That's a distasteful word. Literally in the Greek it means to turn on yourself, to feel what you really are. Let him see what he really is...a wicked disobedient recalcitrant sinner...shame him because he won't work.

But there's one final incentive left and that's love. And I'm so glad Paul put this last statement in verse 15, "And yet do not regard him as an enemy but admonish him as a brother." Don't treat him yet like a tax collector or a heathen, don't treat him like an enemy of God, an enemy of Christ, an enemy of the church, an enemy of a believer, don't treat him that way. You haven't yet totally thrown him to Satan, turning him over to Satan that he'll learn not to blaspheme as is discussed in 1 Corinthians 5 for the unrepentant adulterer. He doesn't so far yet, you're still at the third stage, you're still admonishing him, that is warning him about his behavior and calling him to obedience and you're regarding him not yet as the tax collector, not yet as the outcast, the tax collector being the most outcast person in Jewish culture, that's why that illustration is used by our Lord in Matthew 18. You're not throwing him out yet, you're not alienating him as an enemy, you're still calling to him as a brother.

He is still in the family of God. Treat him with love like you would a brother. Treat him with affection like you would a brother or sister, like Proverbs 27:6 says, "Faithful are the wounds of a friend." Show him tenderness, understand that you need to lift him up considering yourself lest you also be tempted, as Galatians 6 says. Restore such a one in love.

You know, the interesting thing about this little list I've given you...disfellowship, example, survival, harmony, shame and love...those motivations to the person who won't work should also motivate anyone in any sinful behavior. It's very generic in that sense. No matter what the sin is it's the same things that should motivate. The threat of losing the fellowship with other believers...the fact that you have not followed the holy example of those who have walked before you...even the issue of survival because you can die from continued sins, some Corinthians did...and certainly the idea of harmony, you're disrupting and ripping and tearing the unity of the church...and certainly shame, you should feel guilt and shame...and certainly love should call you back as those who are in the body of Christ and are your brothers and sisters woo you. And so, this is how we deal with any believer in any pattern of sin.

And if they resist this, then you can treat him like an enemy. Then you can turn him over to Satan. Then Paul says in 1 Corinthians 5, "I don't want you to have any fellowship with them, I don't even want you to eat with them." I want you to turn them out totally. But here Paul one more time, for the third time in three steps is pleading with the church to call them back.

The American work ethic has eroded. That's where we started, that's a good place to end. But the Christian work ethic hasn't changed one bit. May I suggest to you that you were saved and called to a vocation so that you might honor God in your job? When you go to work, that's a divine vocation. God has given you the skill and the opportunity to do what you do and you're to work for His glory.

Father, we thank You that Your Word again has been so down to earth and clear. Make us faithful as we do the tasks that You give us to do at home and at our job and just the general work that is all around us as we subdue this cursed world. Help us to know that as we do it we please You, we honor You. And we pray, Lord, for those who are in midst this morning who have never come to Christ, who are still in their sins, who have never known forgiveness, who have never repented and turned from their sin to embrace the Savior and receive eternal life, and thus have had no transcendent ethic for anything in life, who have been victims of a Satanic pattern of control and of a selfish utilitarian view of life. And with it comes fear and unfulfillment and dissatisfaction, confusion, darkness.

Father, I pray that You would move in the heart of such a person and that You would open their spiritual eyes, as it were, open them to the reality of Christ and the fact that He came into this world as God in human flesh to die on a cross and rise again for their sin, to pay the penalty for their sin and to give them eternal life if they will turn from their sin and embrace Him as Lord and Savior. Father, we ask that You would save some today and put them on the path of righteousness that they might work even their work with a new commitment to Your glory, something they've never known.

And to Christians who are here, Lord, give all of us a fresh new joy and exhilaration about what we do and how You view it. And may in this church, Lord, any who are sinning by not being willing to work hear the message and be faithful to turn from that sin and find a productive pursuit.

For those, Lord, in our congregation who can't work and who need our help and who will receive the noble deeds, may we not ever be weary in ministering to their needs. Give us this wonderful balance that we find in this passage as we live as Your people in this world for Your glory in Christ's name. Amen.